A Boolean view separates platelet activatory and inhibitory signalling as verified by phosphorylation monitoring including threshold behaviour and integrin modulation.

Platelets are critical for haemostasis and blood clotting. However, since under normal circumstances blood should flow without clotting, its function is regulated via a complex interplay of activating and inhibiting signal transduction pathways. Understanding this network is crucial for treatment of cardiovascular and bleeding diseases.

Integrated systems view on networking by hormones in Arabidopsis immunity reveals multiple crosstalk for cytokinin.

Phytohormones signal and combine to maintain the physiological equilibrium in the plant. Pathogens enhance host susceptibility by modulating the hormonal balance of the plant cell. Unlike other plant hormones, the detailed role of cytokinin in plant immunity remains to be fully elucidated.

Integration of Boolean models exemplified on hepatocyte signal transduction.

The number of mathematical models for biological pathways is rapidly growing. In particular, Boolean modelling proved to be suited to describe large cellular signalling networks. Systems biology is at the threshold to holistic understanding of comprehensive networks.

Modeling system states in liver cells: survival, apoptosis and their modifications in response to viral infection.

Background: The decision pro- or contra apoptosis is complex, involves a number of different inputs, and is central for the homeostasis of an individual cell as well as for the maintenance and regeneration of the complete organism.

Results: This study centers on Fas ligand (FasL)-mediated apoptosis, and a complex and internally strongly linked network is assembled around the central FasL-mediated apoptosis cascade. Different bioinformatical techniques are employed and different crosstalk possibilities including the integrin pathway are considered.

Distinguishing species.

Given two organisms, how can one distinguish whether they belong to the same species or not? This might be straightforward for two divergent organisms, but can be extremely difficult and laborious for closely related ones. A molecular marker giving a clear distinction would therefore be of immense benefit. The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) has been widely used for low-level phylogenetic analyses.