The nonsalvageable tibia: amputation and prosthetics.

Mangled extremities are a challenging problem for the orthopaedic surgeon. The decision for salvage versus amputation is multifactorial. Several work groups have attempted to create scoring systems to guide treatment, but each case must be regarded individually.

Damage-control orthopedics or early total care: What you need to know.

Patients with multisystem injuries are defined as multiply injured patients and may need multiple surgical procedures from more than one specialty. The importance of evaluating and understanding the resuscitation status of a multiple-injury patient is critical. Orthopedic strategies when caring for these patients include temporary stabilization or definitive early fixation of fractures while preventing further insult to other organ systems.

Hands-free Femoral Traction Using the Bookwalter Retractor System During Anterior Approaches to the Acetabulum.

Displaced acetabular fractures with medial and cranial displacement of the femoral head commonly require an anterior approach for reduction and stabilization. Restoration of the femoral head to its native position under the reduced acetabular dome is a primary goal of surgery. We present a surgical technique for applying traction to the proximal femur using the Bookwalter retractor system during the repair of acetabular fractures when using an anterior approach.

Preoperative and Intraoperative Considerations Using Intramedullary Nails for the Treatment of Tibial Shaft Fractures Below Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Periprosthetic tibial shaft fractures below total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are relatively rare, with an incidence of approximately 1%. However, as the rates of arthroplasty increase, orthopaedic surgeons are likely to see a corresponding increase in these types of fractures. Native tibial shaft fractures are routinely treated with either nails or plates, and the success of intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures has been well described in the literature.

Clinical and Radiographic Comparison of Splinting Constructs for Distal Radius Fractures: An Effort to Free the Elbow.

Objectives: To compare short-term functional outcomes, reduction loss, and rates of surgery for distal radius fractures initially immobilized with a traditional sugar-tong splint versus clamshell splint freeing the elbow.

Design: Prospective randomized trial.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Extra-articular Unstable Iliac Fractures: Associated Injuries, Fixation Strategies, and Outcomes.

Objective: To characterize the associated injuries, fixation constructs, and outcomes of extra-articular unstable iliac fractures.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Level I trauma center.

Sternoclavicular Joint Reconstruction for Medial Clavicle Fracture Nonunion.

Operative management of sternoclavicular fracture-dislocations is recommended in the setting of symptomatic nonunion. Treatment options include open reduction internal fixation, fragment excision, and ligamentous reconstruction. We present a 29-year-old man with a medial clavicle fracture nonunion that previously failed open reduction internal fixation and was treated with sternoclavicular joint reconstruction using tendon allograft.

Repair of Humeral Shaft Nonunion With Plate and Screw Fixation and Iliac Crest Bone Graft.

A 58-year-old woman with a proximal 1/3 humeral shaft nonunion presented 2 years after initial injury. We present a technique for nonunion repair, including nonunion site preparation, direct compression of the fracture site using plate osteosynthesis, and iliac crest bone graft harvest and utilization. The purpose of this video is to review humeral shaft nonunion literature and describe our management technique.

Distal Humerus Fractures Evolution of Management.

Distal humerus fractures are a challenging problem that has vexed many orthopedic surgeons through the years. This article reviews the historical management of distal humerus fractures from nonoperative treatment to prolonged traction with ice tongs to the advent of AO technique and beyond. Current controversies, including plate orientation, ulnar nerve management, and the role of arthroplasty, are reviewed.

Are Arthroplasty Procedures Really Better in the Treatment of Complex Proximal Humerus Fractures? A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Objective: A meta-analysis and systematic review was performed to compare outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), hemiarthroplasty (HA), and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) for complex proximal humerus fractures. Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were screened. Search terms included reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, open reduction internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty, and proximal humerus fracture.

Incidence of Osteomyelitis in Sacral Decubitus Ulcers and Recommendations for Management.

Stage-4 pressure ulcers are defined as ulcerations that violate the fascia and expose underlying bone, muscle, and tendon. Exposed bone is always colonized by bacteria, but this does not necessarily lead to osteomyelitis. The rates of osteomyelitis in exposed bone in stage-4 pressure ulcers range from 14% to 86%.

High-energy Lateral Compression Type 1 Injuries of the Pelvis: A Spectrum of Injury.

Lateral compression type 1 pelvic fractures comprise a spectrum of injuries of varying stability. The clinician should be cognizant of signs and symptoms of instability including complete sacral fractures, bilateral ramus fractures, displacement greater than 1 cm, high-energy mechanism, and inability to bear weight. Management of these injuries is controversial, but the clinician should consider examination under anesthesia and potentially surgical stabilization.

Case Report: Irreducible Ankle Fracture With Posterior Tibialis Tendon and Retinaculum, Deltoid Ligament, and Anteromedial Joint Capsule Entrapment.

Irreducible ankle fractures are a relatively rare phenomenon. We present a case of a pronation abduction-type ankle fracture that was irreducible in the emergency room despite sedation. The patient was taken to the operating room, where the posterior tibialis tendon and retinaculum, deltoid ligament, and anteromedial capsule were found to be trapped within the joint.

Testing of a novel pin array guide for accurate three-dimensional glenoid component positioning.

Background: A substantial challenge in total shoulder replacement is accurate positioning and alignment of the glenoid component. This challenge arises from limited intraoperative exposure and complex arthritic-driven deformity. We describe a novel pin array guide and method for patient-specific guiding of the glenoid central drill hole.

Functional outcomes after shoulder resection: the patient's perspective.

Background: Resection arthroplasty is a salvage procedure used for the treatment of deep-seated infections after total shoulder arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Previous studies have reported a 50% to 66% rate of pain relief after resection arthroplasty but with significant functional limitations. Our study aimed to qualify the perspective of the patients on their limitations and satisfaction with resection arthroplasty.

Treatment in an outpatient setting for a patient with an infected, surgical wound with hypergranulation tissue.

The purpose of this article is to describe a multifaceted approach to wound care in an outpatient setting for a patient with an infected, nonhealing surgical wound with hypergranulation tissue following fasciotomy for acute compartment syndrome. A 44-year-old male underwent an anterior and lateral lower extremity compartment fasciotomy and developed a persistent right anterolateral lower leg wound. Thirty-six days after fasciotomy he came to the authors' clinic after 2 failed skin grafts with an infected wound covered in hypergranulation tissue.