Indigenous Research Ethics Requirements: An Examination of Six Tribal Institutional Review Board Applications and Processes in the United States.

Tribal Institutional Review Boards (TIRBs) in the United States assert their rights within sovereign nations by developing ethical research processes that align with tribal values to protect indigenous knowledge systems and their community from cultural appropriation, exploitation, misuse, and harm. We reviewed six TIRB applications and processes to gain a better understanding about their requirements and research ethics. We located 48 activated and deactivated TIRBs in a database, mapped them in relation to tribal reservation lands, and then conducted in-depth content analysis.

Lean processes for optimizing OR capacity utilization: prospective analysis before and after implementation of value stream mapping (VSM).

Background: The decision to optimize the processes in the operating tract was based on two factors: competition among clinics and a desire to optimize the use of available resources. The aim of the project was to improve operating room (OR) capacity utilization by reduction of change and throughput time per patient.

Setting: The study was conducted at Centre Hospitalier Emil Mayrisch Clinic for specialized care (n = 618 beds) Luxembourg (South).

Delayed repair of hemitruncus in an extremely low birth weight infant.

We present a case of a premature female infant, with a delayed diagnosis of hemitruncus, who underwent primary repair at 105 days of life. There have been few published reports of premature infants with hemitruncus, and none to our knowledge who underwent repair that was significantly delayed.

Secondary structures and functional requirements for thiM riboswitches from Desulfovibrio vulgaris, Erwinia carotovora and Rhodobacter spheroides.

Abstract Bacterial thiM riboswitches contain aptamer domains that bind the metabolite thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). Binding of TPP to the aptamer domain induces structural rearrangements that are relayed to the expression domain, thereby interfering with gene expression. Here, we report identification of three putative thiM riboswitches from different bacteria and analysis of their secondary structures.

Conformational changes in the expression domain of the Escherichia coli thiM riboswitch.

The thiM riboswitch contains an aptamer domain that adaptively binds the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). The binding of TPP to the aptamer domain induces structural rearrangements that are relayed to a second domain, the so-called expression domain, thereby interfering with gene expression. The recently solved crystal structures of the aptamer domains of the thiM riboswitches in complex with TPP revealed how TPP stabilizes secondary and tertiary structures in the RNA ligand complex.