Impact of sex used for assignment of reference intervals in a population of patients taking gender-affirming hormones.

Background: Gender-affirming hormone therapy with either estradiol or testosterone for transgender persons can significantly impact chemistry and hematology laboratory tests. The sex used for assignment of reference intervals (RIs) in the electronic health record (EHR) will influence normal/abnormal flagging of test results.

Objective: To analyze common non-hormonal laboratory tests with sex-specific RIs ordered in patients with sexual orientation/gender identify (SOGI) field differences (one or more differences between legal sex, sex assigned at birth, and gender identity) in the EHR at an academic medical center in midwestern United States.

Patterns of gender identity data within electronic health record databases can be used as a tool for identifying and estimating the prevalence of gender-expansive people.

Objective: Electronic health records (EHRs) within the United States increasingly include sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) fields. We assess how well SOGI fields, along with (ICD-10) codes and medication records, identify gender-expansive patients.

Materials And Methods: The study used a data set of all patients that had in-person inpatient or outpatient encounters at an academic medical center in a rural state between December 1, 2018 and February 17, 2022.

Allopurinol Lowers Serum Urate but Does Not Reduce Oxidative Stress in CKD.

Xanthine oxidase (XO) contributes to oxidative stress and vascular disease. Hyperuricemia and gout are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a population at increased risk of vascular disease. We evaluated effects of allopurinol on serum XO activity and metabolome of CKD patients who had participated in a randomized double-blind clinical trial of allopurinol vs.