Cystoscopic-guided laser ablation of intramural ectopic ureters in a female cat.

Case Summary: An 8-month-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented for chronic urinary incontinence (UI). Since being adopted 6 months earlier, the cat had a history of urine leakage during both activity and rest. Baseline blood work and urine culture showed no significant abnormalities and no evidence of a urinary tract infection.

Plants as vectors for environmental prion transmission.

Prions cause fatal neurodegenerative diseases and exhibit remarkable durability, which engenders a wide array of potential exposure scenarios. In chronic wasting disease of deer, elk, moose, and reindeer and in scrapie of sheep and goats, prions are transmitted via environmental routes and the ability of plants to accumulate and subsequently transmit prions has been hypothesized, but not previously demonstrated. Here, we establish the ability of several crop and other plant species to take up prions via their roots and translocate them to above-ground tissues from various growth media including soils.

Application of Cadaverine to Inhibit Biotin Biosynthesis in Plants.

Biotin is an essential vitamin in plants. However, characterization of biotin deficiency has been limited by embryo lethality in mutants, which can only be rescued by supplementation of biotin. Here, we describe a protocol to characterize biotin deficiency in through application of the polyamine cadaverine.

Case Report: Novel Disseminated Infection in a Dog.

A 2.5-year-old, 25.5 kg, spayed female Australian Shepherd dog had a 2-month history of shifting leg lameness in all limbs, tetraparesis, progressive lethargy, and severe pain.

Cadaverine regulates biotin synthesis to modulate primary root growth in Arabidopsis.

Cadaverine, a polyamine, has been linked to modification of root growth architecture and response to environmental stresses in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern the regulation of root growth by cadaverine are largely unexplored. Here we conducted a forward genetic screen and isolated a mutation, cadaverine hypersensitive 3 (cdh3), which resulted in increased root-growth sensitivity to cadaverine, but not other polyamines.

Reasons for Exclusion of Apparently Healthy Mature Adult and Senior Dogs From a Clinical Trial.

Interventional clinical trials intended to maintain health in aging dogs are unusual and require particular attention to exclusion criteria. To describe reasons for exclusion when a mature adult and senior canine population with normal health status was sought. Fifty six companion dogs nominated for a randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Quantitative Trait Loci for Root Growth Response to Cadaverine in Arabidopsis.

Root growth architecture is a major determinant of agricultural productivity and plant fitness in natural ecosystems. Here we describe the methods used in a Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) study that allowed the identification of ORGANIC CATION TRANSPORTER 1 (OCT1) as a determinant of root growth response to cadaverine treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana. This protocol screens natural accessions to characterize the variation in root growth response to the naturally occurring polyamine cadaverine, then uses recombination mapping to identify loci that are responsible for the variation existing between two accessions with contrasting phenotypes.

Molecular Mechanisms of Root Gravitropism.

Plant shoots typically grow against the gravity vector to access light, whereas roots grow downward into the soil to take up water and nutrients. These gravitropic responses can be altered by developmental and environmental cues. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that govern the gravitropism of angiosperm roots, where a physical separation between sites for gravity sensing and curvature response has facilitated discovery.

An acute, non-therapeutic dose of methylphenidate disrupts partner preference in female rats.

The present study was designed to test the effects of an acute, high dose of methylphenidate (MPH; trademarked as Ritalin) on sexual behavior in female Long-Evans rats. In Experiment 1, naturally cycling subjects in estrus were tested for partner preference 20min after receiving an i.p.

Cadaverine's Functional Role in Plant Development and Environmental Response.

Cadaverine derives from lysine in a pathway that is distinct from that of the other well-characterized ornithine- or arginine-derived polyamines. Despite a multitude of studies in bacterial systems, cadaverine has garnered little attention in plant research. Nonetheless, many plants have been found to synthesize it.

Exposure to methylphenidate during peri-adolescence affects endocrine functioning and sexual behavior in female Long-Evans rats.

The present study was designed to test the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) exposure on the maturation of endocrine functioning and sexual behavior. Female rat pups received either MPH (2.0mg/kg, i.

Ice-Cap: a method for growing Arabidopsis and tomato plants in 96-well plates for high-throughput genotyping.

It is becoming common for plant scientists to develop projects that require the genotyping of large numbers of plants. The first step in any genotyping project is to collect a tissue sample from each individual plant. The traditional approach to this task is to sample plants one-at-a-time.