In ovo exposure to cadmium causes right ventricle hyperplasia due to cell proliferation of cardiomyocytes.

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and occupational pollutant inhaled through smoking or ingested through contaminated food. Yet, little is known about its teratogenicity. In this study, the effects of Cd on embryonic heart development were investigated by exposing Cd to chicken embryos in ovo.