[Echo reading and stuttering].

Echo-reading is a practical therapeutic tool which has been proposed for use in stuttering, most especially when the functions of rhythm and association are disrupted in stuttered speech. After a period of preparation in which the mechanical work involved in speech is integrated, it is proposed that there should follow a period of listening and association, which serves to re-establish the spoken word with its meaning and expressivity. The subject undergoes rehabilitation in a living language which is correlated with the imagination, and with that Other quality which always forms a part of speech.

[Is stuttering a functional dystonia?].

For some years the dystonias have been the subject of major studies and, as far as the generalised dystonias are concerned, of major therapeutic advances. The opposite is true of the so-called focal or functional dystonias, which include conditions such as Meige's syndrome, spasmodic torticollis, writer's cramp, dystonias using instruments especially in musicians, and spasmodic dysphonia. For the last group, the term functional dysphonia would seems to us to be more appropriate.