A cortical information bottleneck during decision-making.

Decision-making emerges from distributed computations across multiple brain areas, but it is unclear the brain distributes the computation. In deep learning, artificial neural networks use multiple areas (or layers) to form optimal representations of task inputs. These optimal representations are to perform the task well, but so they are invariant to other irrelevant variables.

WaveMAP for identifying putative cell types from in vivo electrophysiology.

Action potential spike widths are used to classify cell types as either excitatory or inhibitory; however, this approach obscures other differences in waveform shape useful for identifying more fine-grained cell types. Here, we present a protocol for using WaveMAP to generate nuanced average waveform clusters more closely linked to underlying cell types. We describe steps for installing WaveMAP, preprocessing data, and clustering waveform into putative cell types.

Fixing the GAP: The role of RhoGAPs in cancer.

Cancer progression and metastasis are processes that involve significant cellular changes. Many of these changes include alterations in the activity of the Rho GTPase family of proteins. Rho GTPases are signaling proteins that function as molecular switches and are involved in the regulation of most major cellular processes.

Sleep Challenges and Interventions in Children With Visual Impairment.

Purpose: To examine sleep patterns in a large and heterogeneous group of children with visual impairment.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of parents of children with visual impairment was offered via the National Federation of the Blind and the National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation.

Results: Complete survey results were available for 72 participants, aged 1 to 16 years.

The Diagnostic Yield of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Degenerative Changes of the Temporomandibular Joint in Dogs.

Degenerative changes of the temporomandibular joint (DTMJ) may be diagnosed via cone - beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, despite advancement in CBCT imaging, correlation of DTMJ features identified on CBCT with gross and histological findings is currently limited. This study aimed to correlate CBCT findings of DTMJ of dogs with gross and histopathologic changes.

Revisiting the paradox of hope: The role of discrimination among first-year Black college students.

The psychology of hope is used to conceptualize how college students successfully meet their personal and professional goals and ultimately persist to graduation. However, limited evidence has suggested that high levels of hope might have a paradoxical effect for Black college students when faced with experiences of discrimination. The present study examined the moderation effects of hope on the associations between experiences of discrimination and perceptions of stress and academic integration among a sample of 1st-year U.