Factors affecting polysomnography compliance and delays to surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To evaluate adherence to polysomnography in pediatric patients and determine if demographics, socioeconomic status, polysomnography indication, or prior otolaryngology intervention are associated with polysomnography adherence and time to definitive surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective review study.

Setting: Tertiary-care children's hospital.

Common Pediatric Otolaryngology Procedures: Ergonomic Considerations.

Background Otolaryngologists in high-volume children's hospitals developed their operating room workflow practices based on the factors of safety, efficiency, and surgeon preference. Recent data show important benefits and potential reduced risks of proper ergonomic positioning for surgeons to prevent injury. These data suggest that the current operating room workflow practices, in addition to prior training, should be monitored and hopefully improved for surgeons' health.

Diagnosing Midline Neck Masses: Comparing Clinical Exam, the SIST Score, and the 4S Algorithm.

Objective: To validate and compare novel ultrasound scoring systems for dermoid cysts and thyroglossal duct cysts among pediatric patients.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Atypical Nodular Hidradenoma Versus Low-Grade Hidradenocarcinoma in a Young Female Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

The objective of this study was to discuss an unusual postauricular mass in a pediatric patient. This mass had a broad differential including congenital anomaly, neoplasm, infection, and lymphovascular malformation. Atypical nodular hidradenoma is a rare adnexal tumor that is difficult to differentiate from hidradenocarcinoma.

Pediatric Dysphagia.

Feeding difficulty is common in the pediatric population, particularly in at-risk infants, such as those born prematurely. Appropriate work-up should involve a multidisciplinary team and may commonly use modified barium swallow and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallow, in addition to history and physical examination. Structural causes of dysphagia may involve surgical management, whereas nonstructural causes may invoke medical therapies.

Does perioperative ketorolac increase bleeding risk after intracapsular tonsillectomy?

Importance: Conflicting evidence exists regarding the post-tonsillectomy bleed risk associated with perioperative ketorolac use in the pediatric population. Surgical technique for tonsillectomy can further confound this risk.

Objective: The primary objective was to retrospectively quantify the post-tonsillectomy bleed rate after single-dose administration of ketorolac in pediatric patients following intracapsular tonsillectomy.

Comparing telehealth with office-based visits for common pediatric otolaryngology complaints.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of telehealth visits and compare office-based visits for pediatric patients undergoing evaluation of recurrent acute otitis media or sleep-disordered breathing.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study compared telehealth patients with matched controls seen in the office. The feasibility of a thorough patient evaluation in a single telehealth visit without a follow-up office visit was assessed.

Comparative evaluation of one-handed versus two-handed mask holding techniques in children during inhalational induction of anesthesia: A randomized crossover study.

Background: We aimed to evaluate if two-handed mask airway is superior to one-handed mask airway during inhalational induction of anesthesia in children.

Methods: A randomized, two period, crossover study was performed on 60 children aged 1-8 years, with obstructive sleep apnea due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy, scheduled for adenotonsillectomy. Children were assigned to two study sequences and one control sequence of 20 subjects each.

Improving Attendance and Patient Experiences During the Expansion of a Telehealth-Based Pediatric Otolaryngology Practice.

Objective: To determine the rates and primary causes of missed appointments (MAs) for telehealth visits and present remedies for improvement.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at a tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology practice during expansion of telehealth-based visits. A review of questionnaire responses was performed for 103 consecutive patients with MAs over 50 business days from March 20, 2020, to May 29, 2020.

Interstate variation within a five-state health system: Polysomnography prior to tonsillectomy in trisomy 21 patients.

Objectives: Since 2011, the American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Practice Guidelines have recommended polysomnography (PSG) prior to tonsillectomy in children with Down syndrome (DS). The purpose of this study was to determine adherence to guidelines recommending polysomnography before tonsillectomy for children with DS and sleep-disordered breathing among pediatric otolaryngologists.

Methods: A one-year quality assurance retrospective review was conducted at four hospitals within one pediatric health system to identify children with a diagnosis of DS who underwent a tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018.

Quality of Patient Education Sections on Otitis Media Across Different Website Platforms.

Objective: To determine the quality, content, and readability of patient education materials pertaining to otitis media across several popular online platforms focused on otolaryngology and pediatric primary care education.

Methods: Online patient materials related to otitis media and directed toward parents were collected from the American Association for Family Practice (AAFP), ENT-Health section of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Healthychildren.org from the American Academy of Pediatrics, KidsHealth from Nemours, WebMD, and Wikipedia.

Parental health literacy in pediatric otolaryngology: A pilot study.

Objectives: Pediatric otolaryngology bears the highest frequency of elective surgical cases in children, but little is known regarding the health literacy of these children's parents. In a questionnaire-based pilot study, we assessed parental health literacy in our pediatric otolaryngology clinic and evaluated its relation to personal demographics. We also evaluated postoperative and diagnosis-based leaflets for readability using validated measures.

Health literacy in pediatric otolaryngology: A scoping review.

Objective: To review research on status and outcomes of health literacy in pediatric otolaryngology and identify opportunities for quality improvement.

Methods: We performed a scoping review, adhering to methodologic standards. A combination of MeSH terms and keywords related to health literacy in otolaryngology was used to conduct a search.

Quality, Readability, and Trends for Websites on Ankyloglossia.

Objective: This study evaluates the quality and readability of websites on ankyloglossia, tongue tie, and frenulectomy.

Methods: Google was queried with six search terms: tongue tie, tongue tie and breastfeeding, tongue tie and frenulectomy, ankyloglossia, ankyloglossia and breastfeeding, and ankyloglossia and frenulectomy. Website quality was assessed using the DISCERN instrument.

Can telemetry data obviate the need for sleep studies in Pierre Robin Sequence?

Objective: This study looks to correlate telemetry data gathered on patients with Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) with sleep study data. Strong correlation might allow obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to be reasonably predicted without the need for sleep study.

Methods: Charts from forty-six infants with PRS who presented to our children's hospital between 2005 and 2015 and received a polysomnogram (PSG) prior to surgical intervention were retrospectively reviewed.

Quality and readability of websites for patient information on tonsillectomy and sleep apnea.

Objectives: Tonsillectomy is a common treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The Internet allows patients direct access to medical information. Since information on the Internet is largely unregulated, quality and readability are variable.

A population based analysis of the implementation of pediatric facemasks in girls youth lacrosse.

Objective: To determine the incidence, relative risk reduction, odds ratio and absolute risk reduction of head and ear injuries associated with the implementation of pediatric facial eye guards in lacrosse events.

Study Design: Cross Sectional Review of a National Database.

Study Location: National Emergency Injury Survelliance System.

An Unusual Morphology of a Pleomorphic Adenoma.

We present a case of a deep lobe parotid pleomorphic adenoma extending into the parapharyngeal space via an unusual morphology. This is a single patient case report of an unusual morphology with an associated review of the literature. The patient successfully underwent right parotidectomy during which it was seen that the tumor was extending above rather than through the stylomandibular tunnel, an unusual morphology for a pleomorphic adenoma.

Carotid stent extrusion following carotid blowout.

Objective: We describe an unusual foreign body, a carotid stent extruded into the upper airway, and discuss the predisposing factors.

Methods: This is a single patient case report with review of the literature.

Results: Our patient is a 59 year old female treated for T3N2aM0 (stage IVa) left tonsil squamous cell carcinoma who experienced a carotid blowout treated by carotid stent placement with subsequent carotid coiling and vessel takedown.

Correction of the deviated septum: from ancient Egypt to the endoscopic era.

Background: Obstructed nasal breathing can occur due to deviation of the nasal septum. When the external nose appears grossly normal and cosmesis is not the focus, septoplasty has been the procedure used to straighten the septum with the goal of improving nasal airflow. Septoplasty has evolved over time.

Warthin's tumor with superimposed mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

We report a case of atypical mycobacterium infection in a Warthin's tumor which occurred in a 79-year-old man. The patient had along history of a left parotid mass that underwent rapid growth, became painful, and fistulized. The patient underwent left parotidectomy and neck dissection which showed a Warthin's tumor with areas of necrotizing granulomas.