A Dominance Hypothesis Argument for Historical Genetic Gains and the Fixation of Heterosis in Octoploid Strawberry.

Heterosis was the catalyst for the domestication of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), an interspecific hybrid species that originated in the 1700s. The hybrid origin was discovered because the phenotypes of spontaneous hybrids transgressed those of their parent species. The transgressions included fruit yield increases and other genetic gains in the twentieth century that sparked the global expansion of strawberry production.

Harnessing underutilized gene bank diversity and genomic prediction of cross usefulness to enhance resistance to Phytophthora cactorum in strawberry.

The development of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier) cultivars resistant to Phytophthora crown rot (PhCR), a devastating disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert & Cohn) J. Schröt., has been challenging partly because the resistance phenotypes are quantitative and only moderately heritable.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glucemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Aims: To face the rapid spread of SARS-CoV2 coronavirus pandemic, home lockdown in Spain was decreed on 15th March 2020. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of this constraint on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).

Patients And Methods: Observational, retrospective study in children and adolescents with T1D users of interstitial glucose monitoring systems.

Effectiveness of Body Roundness Index (BRI) and a Body Shape Index (ABSI) in Predicting Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Introduction: The body roundness index (BRI) and a body shape index (ABSI) are novel anthropometric indices established to determine both the amount visceral adipose tissue and body fat.

Objective: to investigate whether BRI and ABSI are better predictors of hypertension than body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). : A systematic search was conducted in the Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases up until 31 December 2020.

The impact of "faster aspart" on blood glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes treated using a sensor-augmented insulin pump.

Background And Aims: Post-prandial glucose control is essential to achieve metabolic goals in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The new "faster aspart" insulin has a pharmacological profile noted for its faster absorption and onset of action, and increased early availability, resulting in improved blood glucose control after meals. The main objective of the study was to analyse the efficacy of "faster aspart" vs.

Validation of the QMon-20 oscillometric blood pressure monitor for professional office use in the general population according to the ANSI/ESH/ISO 81060-2:2018 protocol.

Objective: we assessed the accuracy of the QMon-20 oscillometric upper-arm cuff device professional for office blood pressure (BP) in general population according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018).

Methods: Subjects were recruited according to AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard in general population using the same arm sequential BP measurement method. Two cuffs of the test device were used for arm circumference 22-31 (medium) and 32-42 cm (large).

[Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glucemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Background And Aims: To face the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, home lockdown in Spain was decreed on 15th March 2020. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of this constraint on glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).

Patients And Methods: Observational, retrospective study in children and adolescents with T1D users of interstitial glucose monitoring systems.

[Half a century of newborn screening in Spain: Evolution of ethical, legal and social issues (ELSIs). Part III, social issues.].

Decision making for the development of newborn screening programs is based on not only medical but also social concerns and involves different stakeholders. Part III of the article focuses on their role in the governance of the programs. First of all, we consider the proactive role that health authorities has played in the evolution to an evidentiary model of policy development currently based on evidence, just as in the preparation of an expert, impartial and transparent opinion on health policy and its coordination with the national health system.

[The impact of «faster aspart» on blood glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes treated using a sensor-augmented insulin pump].

Background And Aims: Post-prandial glucose control is essential to achieve metabolic goals in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The new «faster aspart» insulin has a pharmacological profile noted for its faster absorption and onset of action, and increased early availability, resulting in improved blood glucose control after meals. The main objective of the study was to analyse the efficacy of «faster aspart» vs.

Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measured by a new device: protocol for a validation study.

Introduction: Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new marker of arterial stiffness (AS) that can assess vascular wall stiffness in the aorta, femoral artery and tibial artery. CAVI is less affected by blood pressure at the time of measurement than the gold standard method (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV)). Our group has developed a device called VOPITB (Velocidad Onda de Pulso Índice Tobillo Brazo) that uses the oscillometric method and easily and accurately measures the PWV in the arms and legs separately, allowing new AS indices to be studied.

Unraveling the Deep Genetic Architecture for Seedlessness in Grapevine and the Development and Validation of a New Set of Markers for VviAGL11-Based Gene-Assisted Selection.

Seedless inheritance has been considered a quasi-monogenic trait based on the VvAGL11 gene. An intragenic simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker, p3_VvAGL11, is currently used to opportunely discard seeded progeny, which represents up to 50% of seedlings to be established in the field. However, the rate of false positives remains significant, and this lack of accuracy might be due to a more complex genetic architecture, some intrinsic flaws of p3_VvAGL11, or potential recombination events between p3_VvAGL11 and the causal SNP located in the coding region.

Effects of Smoking and Physical Activity on the Pulmonary Function of Young University Nursing Students in Cáceres (Spain).

Background: The simultaneous effect of physical activity (PA) and smoking on pulmonary function in young people remains unclear.

Propose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of smoking and PA on pulmonary function in young university students in Cáceres, Spain.

Methods: A sample of 120 young nursing students was studied (60 smokers and 60 nonsmokers).

Automatic or manual arterial path for the ankle-brachial differences pulse wave velocity.

An automated method for measuring arterial path length with devices that determine pulse wave velocity (PWV) in peripheral arteries is frequently applied. We aimed to compare arterial path length measurements based on mathematical height-based formulas with those measured manually and to assess whether the ankle-brachial difference (abD-PWV) measured with the VOPITB device is comparable to that obtained by manual measurements. In 245 patients, a metric measuring tape was used to determine the arterial path length from the suprasternal notch to the midpoint of the VOPITB cuffs wrapped around the extremities, and the results were compared with those obtained with height-based formulas.

A multimodal approach prevents instability after total hip arthroplasty: A 1 year follow-up prospective study.

Introduction: Joint dislocation is one of the most frequent complications after hip arthroplasty. Multiple strategies have demonstrated ability to prevent instability when used in isolation, but the effect when more than one intervention is implemented has not been measured. The purpose of this study is to assess the rate of dislocation after implementation of a protocol of combined strategies for prevention of instability.

[Pulse wave velocity of the leg minus that of the arm measured with a custom device correlates to the coronary calcium quantification].

Objective: The pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the great arteries is an indicator of vascular risk. Our objective was to identify the PWV index between the arms and legs that best correlates with the coronary calcium quantification (CCQ) and to compare it with other methods.

Material And Methods: Eight-one patients without vascular disease underwent the following measurements: CCQ; carotid intima-media thickness (IMT); carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV), using COMPLIOR; and PWV in the arms and legs, with our own device (abiPWV, ankle brachial index PWV).

Locally Contractive Dynamics in Generalized Integrate-and-Fire Neurons.

Integrate-and-fire models of biological neurons combine differential equations with discrete spike events. In the simplest case, the reset of the neuronal voltage to its resting value is the only spike event. The response of such a model to constant input injection is limited to tonic spiking.

Accounting for noise when clustering biological data.

Clustering is a powerful and commonly used technique that organizes and elucidates the structure of biological data. Clustering data from gene expression, metabolomics and proteomics experiments has proven to be useful at deriving a variety of insights, such as the shared regulation or function of biochemical components within networks. However, experimental measurements of biological processes are subject to substantial noise-stemming from both technical and biological variability-and most clustering algorithms are sensitive to this noise.

[Recommendations on making decisions and end of life care in neonatology].

Healthcare-professionals who work in neonatal units believe that a very important part of their work is the care of sick newborns, and their families if the neonate has an incurable disease or will die. The effort is focused on preventing disproportionate and unnecessary treatments that result in pain and discomfort, and also separate the child from his family. These situations usually occur when the infant has a terminal illness, extreme immaturity with complications, or severe birth defects.