Development of a 3D-printed nuchal translucency model: a pilot study for prenatal ultrasound training.

Background: We used two 3D ultrasound volumes of fetal heads at 13 weeks to create live-size 3D-printed phantoms with a view to training or assessment of diagnostic abilities for normal and abnormal nuchal translucency measurements. The phantoms are suitable for use in a water bath, imitating a real-life exam. They were then used to study measurement accuracy and reproducibility in examiners of different skill levels.

Position statement of the GMA committee "teaching evaluation".

The evaluation of teaching can be an essential driver for curriculum development. Instruments for teaching evaluation are not only used for the purpose of quality assurance but also in the context of medical education research. Therefore, they must meet the common requirements for reliability and validity.

Application of test-enhanced learning (TEL) in obstetrics and gynecology: a prospective study.

Objective: Clinical reasoning is an essential skill, the foundations of which should be acquired during medical school. Within the format of test-based learning, such examinations can also be used to support the long-term retention of procedural knowledge necessary for clinical reasoning. The aim was to investigate whether repeated exposure to clinical cases in obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) with built-in questions leads to higher learning outcome than pure reading cases and what influence the delay between the intervention and the final test has on the retention of the respective content.

Students' Perspectives on Curricular Ultrasound Education at German Medical Schools.

Despite ultrasound being an inherent part of medical education, only a few German medical schools have established a comprehensive ultrasound curriculum. This study aimed to explore medical students' perspectives on ultrasound in medical education (USMed). Between January 1, 2019 und June 30, 2019, an online survey was conducted among German medical students via the students' associations and their respective teaching facilities.

Violation of the Sphericity Assumption and Its Effect on Type-I Error Rates in Repeated Measures ANOVA and Multi-Level Linear Models (MLM).

We investigated the effects of violations of the sphericity assumption on Type I error rates for different methodical approaches of repeated measures analysis using a simulation approach. In contrast to previous simulation studies on this topic, up to nine measurement occasions were considered. Effects of the level of inter-correlations between measurement occasions on Type I error rates were considered for the first time.