Diagnostic performance of MRI and endoscopy for assessing complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: The diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities and/or endoscopy for assessing complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is unclear.

Purpose: To summarize existing evidence on the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted MRI, perfusion-weighted MRI, T2-weighted MR tumor regression grade, and/or endoscopy for assessing complete tumor response after nCRT.

Material And Methods: MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched.

Systematic Review of Oral Combination Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction When Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Monotherapy Fails.

Introduction: On-demand phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) monotherapy is a first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), but 30%-40% of patients exhibit little or no response. The success rate of alprostadil therapy is high in these patients, but this treatment requires painful intracavernosal injection.

Aim: To systematically review the efficacy and safety of second-line oral pharmacologic combination therapies of ED when PDE5i monotherapy fails.