Impact of Ad Libitum Hydration on Muscle and Liver Damage and Electrolyte Balance in Ultra-Trail Events: A Heatmap Analysis of Biomarkers and Event Characteristics-A Pilot Study.

Ultra-trail events (UTs) pose significant challenges to maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance, with risks of dehydration (DH), overhydration (OH), exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH), and exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER). This study examined the effects of ad libitum (ADL) hydration on hydration status and muscle damage during a nine-stage UT (635 km, 40,586 m elevation gain). Four highly trained male athletes participated.

Gender Differences in Neuromuscular, Haematological and Urinary Responses during Padel Matches.

Research on the acute physiological response to a padel match is limited. The present study aimed to: (a) evaluate neuromuscular, urinary, and hematological responses after simulated padel competition (SC) and (b) analyze possible gender differences. In this study, 28 high-level padel players participated (men = 13, age = 26.

Exercise Participation Motives and Engaging In Sports Activity among University of Ljubljana Students.

Aim: The main aim of this study was to examine differences in sport participation motives, the frequency of engaging in sports activities according to gender, region and field of study, but also the association between the incidence of engaging in sports activity and the motivation for sports activity of students at the University of Ljubljana.

Material And Methods: Five thousand two hundred seventy-one students completed The Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI-2), with additional questions about 12 socio-demographic parameters.

Results: The results reveal that most of the students are engaged in unorganized sports activities.