Low-grade endotoxemia and NOX2 in patients with coronary microvascular angina.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress were hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of coronary microvascular angina (MVA). NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) activation could provoke increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, but data on MVA have not been provided yet.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the interaction among NOX2 activation, serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, as well as oxidative stress production as potential causes of endothelial dysfunction in MVA patients.

Is There an Association Between Atherosclerotic Burden, Oxidative Stress, and Gut-Derived Lipopolysaccharides?

Recent studies hypothesized a role of gut microbiota favoring atherosclerosis an increased oxidative stress, but data in peripheral artery disease (PAD) have not been provided yet. The aim of this study was to assess serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as well as oxidative stress in PAD patients and controls (CT). Furthermore, we wanted to analyze the relationship between LPS and the severity of atherosclerosis in the lower limb arteries.