Effect of Bias Gas Flow on Tracheal Cytokine Concentrations in Ventilated Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether ventilator bias gas flow affects tracheal aspirate (TA) cytokine concentrations in ventilated extremely preterm infants.

Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial in a tertiary neonatal unit in New Zealand. Preterm infants (<28 weeks' gestation/<1,000 g) requiring intubation in the first 7 days after birth were randomized to bias gas flows of 4 or 10 L/min.

Frequency and genetic spectrum of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in southern New Zealand.

Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a monogenic form of diabetes, consisting of a heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant inherited disorders. Typical onset is in individuals prior to twenty five years, and presentation can mimic type 1 or 2 diabetes. Molecular genetic testing can allow precise identification of the different MODY sub-types.