Autistic psychiatrists' experiences of recognising themselves and others as autistic: a qualitative study.

Background: Diagnosis of autism falls under the remit of psychiatry. Recognition that psychiatrists could be autistic is recent. Psychiatrists are the second largest specialty group in Autistic Doctors International, a peer support group for autistic doctors.

Identifying potential high-risk zones for land-derived plastic litter to marine megafauna and key habitats within the North Atlantic.

The pervasive use of plastic in modern society has led to plastic litter becoming ubiquitous within the ocean. Land-based sources of plastic litter are thought to account for the majority of plastic pollution in the marine environment, with plastic bags, bottles, wrappers, food containers and cutlery among the most common items found. In the marine environment, plastic is a transboundary pollutant, with the potential to cause damage far beyond the political borders from where it originated, making the management of this global pollutant particularly complex.

Body Fat Percentage and Blood Donation are the Strongest Determinants of Iron Stores in Premenopausal Women Joining the New Zealand Army.

Introduction: Suboptimal iron status is an issue for women joining the military because of its association with impaired aerobic performance, yet no studies have investigated dietary and non-dietary determinants of iron status simultaneously in this population. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between iron stores, dietary patterns (DPs), and potential non-dietary determinants of iron status in premenopausal women at the commencement of basic military training (BMT) in the New Zealand Army.

Methods: During week 1 of BMT, demographic, body composition, lifestyle, medical history, and dietary data were measured as potential determinants of serum ferritin (SF) in 101 participants.

Military nutrition research: Contemporary issues, state of the science and future directions.

The importance of diet and nutrition to military readiness and performance has been recognized for centuries as dietary nutrients sustain health, protect against illness, and promote resilience, performance and recovery. Contemporary military nutrition research is increasingly inter-disciplinary with emphasis often placed on the broad topics of (1) determining operational nutrition requirements in all environments, (2) characterizing nutritional practices of military personnel relative to the required (role/environment) standards, and (3) developing strategies for improving nutrient delivery and individual choices. This review discusses contemporary issues shared internationally by military nutrition research programmes, and highlights emerging topics likely to influence future military nutrition research and policy.

Driving evidence-based improvements for the UK's 'Stressed. Lonely. Overweight. Bored. Aggressive. Misunderstood…but loved' companion animals.

Background: The Five Welfare Needs in UK animal welfare legislation underpin a legal duty of care and are an animal welfare assessment framework. Health and welfare problems arise when these needs are unmet. The veterinary professions work with others to address these problems, but there is no publicly funded U.

A Wnt5a-Cdc42 axis controls aging and rejuvenation of hair-follicle stem cells.

Normal hair growth occurs in cycles, comprising growth (anagen), cessation (catagen) and rest (telogen). Upon aging, the initiation of anagen is significantly delayed, which results in impaired hair regeneration. Hair regeneration is driven by hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs).

Advancing animal welfare and ethics in veterinary practice through a national pet wellbeing task force, practice-based champions and clinical audit.

Background: Veterinary animal welfare advocacy can be undertaken at individual, community, national and international levels. The People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA), a veterinary charity with 48 Pet Hospitals UK-wide, created a consultative staff network to put an explicit organisational focus on animal welfare-focused veterinary practice.

Methods: PDSA created a national internal committee-a Pet Wellbeing Task Force-composed of veterinary staff representatives.

Iron status and associations with physical performance during basic combat training in female New Zealand Army recruits.

Decreases in Fe status have been reported in military women during initial training periods of 8-10 weeks. The present study aimed to characterise Fe status and associations with physical performance in female New Zealand Army recruits during a 16-week basic combat training (BCT) course. Fe status indicators - Hb, serum ferritin (sFer), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), transferrin saturation (TS) and erythrocyte distribution width (RDW) - were assessed at the beginning (baseline) and end of BCT in seventy-six volunteers without Fe-deficiency non-anaemia (sFer 10 mg/l at baseline or end.

Interprofessional student-led clinics: An innovative approach to the support of older people in the community.

A student-led clinic was established to provide both an opportunity for interprofessional student education and the delivery of patient care. Fourth- or final-year students from allied health, medicine, and nursing worked in mixed professional teams to review the health of community-dwelling older people recently discharged from acute hospitals. We designed a prospective evaluation to study services delivered and their perceived value.

The mixed-discipline aged-care student clinic: an authentic interprofessional learning initiative.

This paper describes the development, methods and results of a novel interprofessional student-led aged care clinic. The clinic was established to facilitate the interprofessional education of students approaching graduation in dietetics, medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, pharmacy, physiotherapy, podiatry, social work, and speech pathology. Students worked together in a primary care clinic established to support patients >70 years old who had recently been discharged home from an acute hospital admission.

Multiple proviral integration events after virological synapse-mediated HIV-1 spread.

HIV-1 can move directly between T cells via virological synapses (VS). Although aspects of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this mode of spread have been elucidated, the outcomes for infection of the target cell remain incompletely understood. We set out to determine whether HIV-1 transfer via VS results in productive, high-multiplicity HIV-1 infection.

The prevalence of mixed DNA profiles on fingernail swabs.

There is a general acceptance that cellular material will transfer from one person to another person's fingernails through everyday contact. However, the level or degree of contact required to transfer sufficient cellular material in order to obtain a DNA profile is not known. This study examined swabs from the fingernails of 40 volunteers and compared the DNA profiles obtained to the daily activities of that individual.

Virological synapse-mediated spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 between T cells is sensitive to entry inhibition.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can disseminate between CD4(+) T cells via diffusion-limited cell-free viral spread or by directed cell-cell transfer using virally induced structures termed virological synapses. Although T-cell virological synapses have been well characterized, it is unclear whether this mode of viral spread is susceptible to inhibition by neutralizing antibodies and entry inhibitors. We show here that both cell-cell and cell-free viral spread are equivalently sensitive to entry inhibition.

Cell-to-cell HIV-1 spread and its implications for immune evasion.

Purpose Of Review: The ability of HIV-1 to move between cells via direct cell-cell transmission is currently receiving a lot of attention. This review will discuss cell-cell spread of HIV-1 in terms of cellular and molecular mechanisms and will consider the evidence for immune and therapeutic evasion.

Recent Findings: Recent studies relating to the cell biology of HIV-1 cell-cell spread have sparked considerable renewed interest in the field.

[Results of intraventricular resynchronization in patients with severe cardiac failure].

Background: Intraventricular resynchronization with pacemakers is a promising therapy for patients with refractory cardiac failure and intraventricular conductions delay. However its long term effects are not well known.

Aim: To report the results of this therapy in patients with cardiac failure.

[Focal atrial fibrillation. Clinical characteristic and results of radiofrequency ablation].

Background: Atrial fibrillation can originate in arrhythmogenic foci coming from the pulmonary veins. Patients with atrial fibrillation, initiated from triggering foci, can be treated with radiofrequency ablation.

Aim: To report the results of radiofrequency ablation in patients with focal atrial fibrillation.

TSC1 and TSC2 mutations in tuberous sclerosis, the associated phenotypes and a model to explain observed TSC1/ TSC2 frequency ratios.

Unlabelled: Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is a multisystem disease with manifestations in the central nervous system, skin, kidneys, heart, and other visceral organs. The development of TSC is associated with alterations within a gene on chromosome 9q34 ( TSC1) and a gene on chromosome 16p13 ( TSC2). Most de-novo patients show a mutation in TSC2, whereas only 50% of all familial cases can be related to TSC2 mutations.

Functional analysis of mouse hepatocytes differing in DNA content: volume, receptor expression, and effect of IFNgamma.

Polyploidy and binuclearity are characteristics of the mammalian liver. Increasing polyploidisation occurs with age and after administration of various drugs and chemicals. This study was designed to examine the function of ploidy by addressing several questions: (1) Does the increase in size of polyploid hepatocytes have any physiological function by altering surface receptor expression such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) or IFNgammaR? and (2) Do polyploid cells respond differently to inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFNgamma)? We have developed a method to accurately measure the volume of live isolated hepatocytes using confocal microscopy and image analysis.