High grade urothelial carcinoma in kidney transplant patients with a history of BK viremia - Just a coincidence?

Introduction: Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) have a three-to-four-fold increased risk of developing urothelial carcinoma (UC) compared to the general population. BK polyoma virus (BKV) infection is known to affect approximately 15% of KTR. In vitro models support a potential pathogenic role for BKV in the development of UC.

Outcomes in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis in Scotland: Validation of the Renal Risk Score in a Complete National Cohort.

Introduction: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) causes autoimmune-mediated inflammation of small blood vessels in multiple organs, including the kidneys. The ability to accurately predict kidney outcomes would enable a more personalized therapeutic approach.

Methods: We used our national renal biopsy registry to validate the ability of ANCA Renal Risk Score (ARRS) to predict end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) for individual patients.

Incidence and Outcomes of Patients Receiving Chronic Kidney Replacement Therapy Admitted to Scottish ICUs Between 2009 and 2019-A National Observational Cohort Study.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and characteristics of ICU admissions in the Scottish population of patients treated with chronic kidney replacement therapy (KRT) over an 11-year period and determine factors associated with post-ICU admission mortality.

Design: Retrospective observational cohort study.

Setting: We analyzed admissions to Scottish intensive care environments between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2019.

The Impact of Vaccination on Incidence and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Kidney Failure in Scotland.

Background: Patients with kidney failure requiring KRT are at high risk of complications and death following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with variable antibody responses to vaccination reported. We investigated the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the incidence of infection, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19 infection.

Methods: The study design was an observational data linkage cohort study.

ANCA-associated renal vasculitis is associated with rurality but not seasonality or deprivation in a complete national cohort study.

Background: Small studies suggest an association between ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) incidence and rurality, seasonality and socioeconomic deprivation. We examined the incidence of kidney biopsy-proven AAV and its relationship with these factors in the adult Scottish population.

Methods: Using the Scottish Renal Biopsy Registry, all adult native kidney biopsies performed between 2014 and 2018 with a diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) were identified.

A National Registry Study of Patient and Renal Survival in Adult Nephrotic Syndrome.

Introduction: We aimed to determine the mortality rate, cause of death, and rate of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in adults with nephrotic syndrome (NS).

Methods: We conducted a national registry-based study, including all 522 adults who had a kidney biopsy for NS in Scotland in 2014-2017. We linked the Scottish Renal Registry to death certificate data.

The impact of age on patient tolerance of mycophenolate following kidney transplantation.

Background: In Scotland, standard maintenance immunosuppression following kidney transplantation consists of mycophenolate (MPA), tacrolimus and prednisolone irrespective of recipient age. We analyzed the tolerability of this immunosuppression regimen and the association with transplant outcomes.

Methods: A national, multicentre retrospective analysis of patients transplanted in 2015 and 2016, comparing graft function, acute rejection, significant infection rates and immunosuppression dosing between patients aged 18 and 59 years (Group 1) and ≥60 years (Group 2).

Estimated life expectancy in a Scottish cohort with type 1 diabetes, 2008-2010.

Importance: Type 1 diabetes has historically been associated with a significant reduction in life expectancy. Major advances in treatment of type 1 diabetes have occurred in the past 3 decades. Contemporary estimates of the effect of type 1 diabetes on life expectancy are needed.

Steroid-responsive polyradiculopathy in association with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

An 80-year-old woman presented with simultaneous increasing muscle weakness and nephrotic syndrome. A renal biopsy confirmed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Her neurological diagnosis best fitted with a Guillain-Barre-like syndrome.

Granulomatous interstitial nephritis.

Granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) is a rare histologic diagnosis. This series reports the presenting features, associated conditions, treatment, and outcome of patients with a diagnosis of GIN in Glasgow during a 15-yr period and compares this with the available literature. Eighteen cases were identified: Five cases were associated with sarcoidosis, two were associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis, two were associated with medication, and nine were idiopathic.

Randomized study comparing cyclosporine with azathioprine one year after renal transplantation-15-year outcome data.

Background: The introduction of cyclosporine (CsA) improved 1-year graft survival and reduced the incidence of acute rejection episodes after renal transplantation compared to azathioprine (Aza). However, CsA has many side effects and reducing exposure of this drug after the first year may benefit long-term patient and graft survival.

Methods: We report 15-year outcome data from a single center, randomized controlled study comparing CsA withdrawal and conversion to Aza with continuation of CsA 1-year posttransplant.

Predictors of new onset diabetes after renal transplantation.

The development of new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at identifying risk factors for the development of NODAT. We performed a retrospective review of 787 renal transplants performed between 1994 and 2004 at a single centre.

Influence of apolipoprotein E genotype on progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Aims: Diabetic nephropathy progresses at a variable rate part of which may be explained by genetic polymorphisms. ApoE polymorphisms are associated with progression of atherosclerosis and because of the similarities between atherosclerosis and glomerulosclerosis, we chose to examine apoE and its role in progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: The apoE genotypes of 90 patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy who were recruited into a 2-year prospective randomised controlled study comparing intensive medical management with routine clinical care were analysed.