Physical examination of the foot and ankle by orthopaedic and accident and emergency clinicians.

Our aim was to test the knowledge of clinicians in the Orthopaedic clinic and in the Emergency department of the surface anatomical landmarks that should be examined routinely in the assessment of foot and ankle injuries. A survey of 109 clinicians was conducted. Each participant was asked to palpate six important surface landmarks.

Guidelines for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis for GPs.

Background: Since the last series of guidelines on the management of osteoporosis from Osteoporosis Australia was published in Australian Family Physician (October 2002), there have been further advances in our understanding of the treatment involved in both the prevention of bone loss and the management of established osteoporosis.

Objective: This article provides updated guidelines for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis to assist general practitioners identify those women at risk, and reviews current treatment strategies.

Discussion: Osteoporosis and its associated problems are major health concerns in Australia, especially with an aging population.

Volumetric bone density at the femoral neck as a common measure of hip fracture risk for men and women.

Measurements of bone density using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry are generally based on the areal projection, which incompletely accounts for size. The larger areal bone density in older men compared with older women is primarily due to their larger bone size, conferring a biomechanical advantage that may be a major factor contributing to lower hip fracture rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate estimated volumetric bone density at the hip in men and women with and without fractures to better determine the role of estimated volumetric density vs.

Guidelines for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis for general practitioners.

Background: Osteoporosis Australia has been committed to the education of general practitioners and the community with a series of updated guidelines on the management of osteoporosis. Since the last series was published in Australian Family Physician (August 2000), there have been further advances in our understanding of the treatments involved in both prevention of bone loss and the management of established osteoporosis.

Objective: This article represents updated guidelines for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis to assist GPs identify those women at risk and to review current treatment strategies.