Epidemiology and Burden of Peripheral Artery Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) are growing global health problems associated with considerable cardiovascular (CV) and limb-related morbidity and mortality, poor quality of life and high healthcare resource use and costs. Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for PAD, and the occurrence of PAD in people with T2D further increases the risk of long-term complications. As the available evidence is primarily focused on the overall PAD population, we undertook a systematic review to describe the burden of comorbid PAD in people with T2D.

Home-Based Titration with Duodenal Infusion of Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel in People with Parkinson's Disease: An Observational Feasibility Study.

Background: Testing and titration of the right levodopa equivalent dose are usually performed during a hospital admission. However, optimal dose titration in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPs) may depend on home environment, emotional stress, and physical activity of everyday life.

Objective: Firstly, to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a home-based LCIG titration program and patients'/caregivers' satisfaction.

Greater persistence and adherence to basal insulin therapy is associated with lower healthcare utilization and medical costs in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective database analysis.

Introduction: We aimed to assess persistence and adherence to basal insulin therapy, their association with all-cause healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and direct medical costs, and predictors of persistence and adherence in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with US adults with type 2 diabetes initiating basal insulin therapy between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018, using IQVIA PharMetrics Plus claims data. Persistence and adherence were assessed during 1 year post-initiation per previous definitions.

Real-world impact of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide after 2 years of follow-up: Results from a nationwide observational study in people with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To investigate the impact of treatment with once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), for up to 2 years in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) managed in routine clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: The study was based on data from national registries. People who redeemed at least one prescription of semaglutide and had 2 years of follow-up were included.

[Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease].

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative movement disorder with a broad spectrum of both motor- and non-motor symptoms. A new top-down model for pathogenesis has recently been suggested, supporting the hypothesis on onset of prodromal non-motor features several years before motor symptoms. Non-motor symptoms have a high prevalence and a substantial effect on quality of life and disease burden.

Correlates of serum IGF-1 in young children with moderate acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso.

Background: Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (sIGF-1) is an important growth factor in childhood. However, studies on sIGF-1 among children from low-income countries are few, and the role of body composition is unknown.

Objectives: To assess the associations of anthropometry, body composition, inflammation, and breastfeeding with sIGF-1 among children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM).

Socioeconomic Inequality in Metabolic Control Among Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study of 4,079 Danish Children.

Objective: To examine inequality in glycemic control by maternal educational level among children with type 1 diabetes in a setting with universal access to health care.

Research Design And Methods: This was a longitudinal nationwide study of 4,079 Danish children with type 1 diabetes between the years 2000 and 2013. Children were divided into four groups based on mothers' education prebirth (≤high school [ = 1,643], vocational or 2-year college [ = 1,548], bachelor's degree [ = 695], ≥master's degree [ = 193]).

Sick of retirement?

This paper examines the causal effect of retirement on health and healthcare utilization using two identification strategies on Danish full population data. First, I use a reform of the statutory retirement age in an IV design. Second, I use a large discontinuity in retirement take-up at the earliest age of retirement (60) in a regression discontinuity design.

PET/DW-MRI for evaluating treatment in chronic hepatitis C patients.

This feasibility study set out to investigate the use of FDG-PET/DW-MRI in chronic hepatitis C patients to examine changes in local liver inflammation after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAA). Twelve patients with chronic hepatitis C were prospectively enrolled, performing FDG-PET/DW-MRI prior to and after DAA treatment. PET/DW-MRI included PET acquisition 60 and 90 min after FDG-injection, DIXON, for attenuation correction, T2- and DW-MRI with 10 b-values between 0-700 s/mm.

Association of Type 1 Diabetes With Standardized Test Scores of Danish Schoolchildren.

Importance: Type 1 diabetes has been associated with cardiovascular disease and late complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. However, it is unclear whether there is an association between type 1 diabetes and school performance in children.

Objective: To compare standardized reading and mathematics test scores of schoolchildren with type 1 diabetes vs those without diabetes.

Impaired Platelet Aggregation and Rebalanced Hemostasis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Increased risk of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and bleeding has been found in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection, and a re-balanced hemostasis has been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate functional whole blood coagulation and platelet function in CHC infection. The prospective study included 82 patients with CHC infection (39 with advanced liver fibrosis and 43 with no or mild liver fibrosis) and 39 healthy controls.

Immune regulation in chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

The immunological result of infection with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) depends on the delicate balance between a vigorous immune response that may clear the infection, but with a risk of unspecific inflammation and, or a less inflammatory response that leads to chronic infection. In general, exhaustion and impairment of cytotoxic function of HCV-specific T cells and NK cells are found in patients with chronic HCV infection. In contrast, an increase in immune regulatory functions is found primarily in form of increased IL-10 production possibly due to increased level and function of anti-inflammatory Tregs.