Transforming the Water-Energy Nexus in Gaza: A Systems Approach.

The acute water and electricity shortages in Gaza necessitate comprehensive solutions that recognize the interconnected nature of these vital resources. This article presents pragmatic solutions to align supply with fundamental needs in both domains, offering viable pathways for achieving strategic water-energy security in Gaza. Baseline data reveals a deficit in the current water supply, falling below the international minimum of 100 L per capita per day, while the reported 137-189 MW per day electricity supply significantly lags behind the estimated 390 MW per day peak demand.

Efficient sonochemical catalytic degradation of tetracycline using TiO fractured nanoshells.

Overexposure to antibiotics originating in wastewater has profound environmental and health implications. Conventional treatment methods are not fully effective in removing certain antibiotics, such as the commonly used antibiotic, tetracycline, leading to its accumulation in water catchments. Alternative antibiotic removal strategies are garnering attention, including sonocatalytic oxidative processes.

Estrogen concentration affects its biodegradation rate in activated sludge.

The effect of concentration on the biodegradation rate of the steroid estrogens, estrone (E1) and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), was studied in batch and continuous-flow reactor systems using fresh activated sludge from two sewage treatment plants. Between the concentrations of 0.03 to 10 μg/L in the batch system no consistent difference was found in the biodegradation rates for either estrogen.