Are changes in malocclusion associated with adulthood psychosocial well-being?

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal psychosocial effects of changes in malocclusion from adolescence to adulthood on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL), self-rated dental appearance, and overall life satisfaction.

Methods: The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study is a longitudinal birth cohort study of 1037 children born at Queen Mary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand, between April 1, 1972 and March 31, 1973. Data on their health and development, including dental examinations, has since been collected periodically.

Defining the Minimal Long-Term Follow-Up Data Elements for Newborn Screening.

Newborn screening (NBS) is hailed as a public health success, but little is known about the long-term outcomes following a positive newborn screen. There has been difficulty gathering long-term follow-up (LTFU) data consistently, reliably, and with minimal effort. Six programs developed and tested a core set of minimal LTFU data elements.

Advancing Newborn Screening Long-Term Follow-Up: Integration of -Based Registries, Dashboards, and Efficient Workflows.

The Connecticut Newborn Screening (NBS) Network, in partnership with the Connecticut Department of Public Health, strategically utilized the electronic health record (EHR) system to establish registries for tracking long-term follow-up (LTFU) of NBS patients. After launching the LTFU registry in 2019, the Network obtained funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration to address the slow adoption by specialty care teams. An LTFU model was implemented in the three highest-volume specialty care teams at Connecticut Children's, involving an early childhood cohort diagnosed with an NBS-identified disorder since the formation of the Network in March 2019.

Analysis of environmental factors influencing endemic cholera risks in sub-Saharan Africa.

The recurring cholera outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa are of growing concern, especially considering the potential acceleration in the global trend of larger and more lethal cholera outbreaks due to the impacts of climate change. However, there is a scarcity of evidence-based research addressing the environmental and infrastructure factors that sustain cholera recurrence in Africa. This study adopts a statistical approach to investigate over two decades of endemic cholera outbreaks and their relationship with five environmental factors: water provision, sanitation provision, raising temperatures, increased rainfall and GDP.

Drug development for major chronic health conditions-aligning with growing public health needs: Proceedings from a multistakeholder think tank.

The global pharmaceutical industry portfolio is skewed towards cancer and rare diseases due to more predictable development pathways and financial incentives. In contrast, drug development for major chronic health conditions that are responsible for a large part of mortality and disability worldwide is stalled. To examine the processes of novel drug development for common chronic health conditions, a multistakeholder Think Tank meeting, including thought leaders from academia, clinical practice, non-profit healthcare organizations, the pharmaceutical industry, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), payors as well as investors, was convened in July 2022.

A mathematical, classical stratification modeling approach to disentangling the impact of weather on infectious diseases: A case study using spatio-temporally disaggregated Campylobacter surveillance data for England and Wales.

Disentangling the impact of the weather on transmission of infectious diseases is crucial for health protection, preparedness and prevention. Because weather factors are co-incidental and partly correlated, we have used geography to separate out the impact of individual weather parameters on other seasonal variables using campylobacteriosis as a case study. Campylobacter infections are found worldwide and are the most common bacterial food-borne disease in developed countries, where they exhibit consistent but country specific seasonality.

The PedAL/EuPAL Project: A Global Initiative to Address the Unmet Medical Needs of Pediatric Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

The prognosis of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has improved incrementally over the last few decades. However, at relapse, overall survival (OS) is approximately 40-50% and is even lower for patients with chemo-refractory disease. Effective and less toxic therapies are urgently needed for these children.

The clinical burden of newly diagnosed Heart failure among patients with Reduced, mildly Reduced, and preserved ejection fraction.

Background: Contemporary analyses of the distribution of heart failure (HF) patients by groups of ejection fraction are not available or are limited to hospitalized patients. Our objective was to quantify the per-person and system level clinical burden of a broad population of HF patients.

Methods: We studied 16,516 patients with a new HF diagnosis recorded in the electronic medical record of a U.

Health Care Costs Associated with the Development and Combination of Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Diseases.

Key Points: Onset of any new cardio-renal-metabolic condition drove substantial increase in health care costs. Overall costs increased by $10,316 (130%) when CKD developed, $6789 (84%) for type 2 diabetes, $21,573 (304%) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and $36,522 (475%) for heart failure. However, as a result of prediagnosis costs being higher as more conditions were present, the percentage increases in costs associated with incidence were lower when more prevalent conditions existed.

Medical Costs of Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Among Newly Diagnosed Heart Failure Patients With Reduced, Mildly Reduced, and Preserved Ejection Fraction.

The economic burden of heart failure (HF) is enormous, but studies of HF costs typically consider the disease to be a single entity. We sought to distinguish the medical costs for patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We identified 16,516 adult patients with an incident HF diagnosis and an echocardiogram from 2005 to 2017 in the electronic medical record of Kaiser Permanente Northwest.

The Bidirectional Association of Chronic Kidney Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, and Heart Failure: The Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Syndrome.

The cardiometabolic syndrome focuses on the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), whereas the cardiorenal syndrome focuses on the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF). Consideration of these two syndromes as a single entity has not been well described. We used the electronic medical records of Kaiser Permanente Northwest to identify 387,985 members aged 18+ years with a serum creatinine measured from 2005 to 2017.

Local Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid in Breast Reduction for Symptomatic Macromastia.

Background: With a surge of tranexamic acid (TXA) use in the plastic surgery community and a constant demand for breast reduction for symptomatic macromastia, questions about the benefits and risks emerge. The aims of this study are to evaluate and compare outcomes of patients undergoing breast reduction while receiving local TXA as opposed to standard procedure without TXA and to assess intraoperative bleeding and operative time.

Methods: A retrospective review of breast reductions at a single institution from June 2020 to December 2021 was performed.

Gene Therapy with p14/tBID Induces Selective and Synergistic Apoptosis in Mutant Ras and Mutant p53 Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

Any gene therapy for cancer will be predicated upon its selectivity against cancer cells and non-toxicity to normal cells. Therefore, safeguards are needed to prevent its activation in normal cells. We designed a minimal p14 promoter with upstream Ap1 and E2F enhancer elements and a downstream MDR1 inhibitory element, TATA box, and a transcription initiation site (hereafter p14min).

C-Terminal p53 Palindromic Tetrapeptide Restores Full Apoptotic Function to Mutant p53 Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

We previously demonstrated that a synthetic monomer peptide derived from the C-terminus of p53 (aa 361−382) induced preferential apoptosis in mutant p53 malignant cells, but not normal cells. The major problem with the peptide was its short half-life (half-life < 10 min.) due to a random coil topology found in 3D proton NMR spectroscopy studies.

Mechanisms of cholera transmission via environment in India and Bangladesh: state of the science review.

Objectives: Cholera has a long history in India and Bangladesh, the region where six out of the past seven global pandemics have been seeded. The changing climate and growing population have led to global cholera cases remaining high despite a consistent improvement in the access to clean water and sanitation. We aim to provide a holistic overview of variables influencing environmental cholera transmission within the context of India and Bangladesh, with a focus on the mechanisms by which they act.

Mapping the evidence of the effects of environmental factors on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the non-built environment: Protocol for a systematic evidence map.

Background: Human, animal, and environmental health are increasingly threatened by the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. Inappropriate use of antibiotic treatments commonly contributes to this threat, but it is also becoming apparent that multiple, interconnected environmental factors can play a significant role. Thus, a One Health approach is required for a comprehensive understanding of the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance and inform science-based decisions and actions.

Comparison of two behavioral tests for tinnitus assessment in mice.

Animal research focused on chronic tinnitus associated with noise-induced hearing loss can be expensive and time-consuming as a result of the behavioral training required. Although there exist a number of behavioral tests for tinnitus; there have been few formal direct comparisons of these tests. Here, we evaluated animals in two different tinnitus assessment methods.

Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Type 1 Versus Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) with risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).

Methods: In a prospective community-based study of SCA from February 1, 2002, through November 30, 2019, we ascertained 2771 cases age 18 years of age or older and matched them to 8313 controls based on geography, age, sex, and race/ethnicity. We used logistic regression to evaluate the independent association between diabetes, T1D, T2D, and SCA.

Anti-spike T-cell and Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies.

Unlabelled: The anti-spike T-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with B-cell malignancies were examined in a real-world setting. A next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based molecular assay was used to assess SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses. After the second dose, 58% (166/284) of seropositive and 45% (99/221) of seronegative patients display anti-spike T cells.

Effects of olfactory stimulus on group performance and individual stress responses in university students.

Group work is essential in professional settings to encourage effective communication and optimize outcomes. Stress can reduce teamwork effectiveness and aromatherapy might be able to reduce feelings of stress/anxiety in individuals. However, it is unclear if aromatherapy impacts stress levels or performance during group activities.

Mortality trends in type 1 diabetes: a multicountry analysis of six population-based cohorts.

Aims/hypothesis: Mortality has declined in people with type 1 diabetes in recent decades. We examined how the pattern of decline differs by country, age and sex, and how mortality trends in type 1 diabetes relate to trends in general population mortality.

Methods: We assembled aggregate data on all-cause mortality during the period 2000-2016 in people with type 1 diabetes aged 0-79 years from Australia, Denmark, Latvia, Scotland, Spain (Catalonia) and the USA (Kaiser Permanente Northwest).

Trends in all-cause mortality among people with diagnosed diabetes in high-income settings: a multicountry analysis of aggregate data.

Background: Population-level trends in mortality among people with diabetes are inadequately described. We aimed to examine the magnitude and trends in excess all-cause mortality in people with diabetes.

Methods: In this retrospective, multicountry analysis, we collected aggregate data from 19 data sources in 16 high-income countries or jurisdictions (in six data sources in Asia, eight in Europe, one from Australia, and four from North America) for the period from Jan 1, 1995, to Dec 31, 2016, (or a subset of this period) on all-cause mortality in people with diagnosed total or type 2 diabetes.

Color Doppler Ultrasound versus Computed Tomography Angiography for Preoperative Anterolateral Thigh Flap Perforator Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background:  The anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap is a commonly used flap with a predictable, though often variable, perforator anatomy. Preoperative imaging with color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) of ALT flap perforators can be a useful tool for flap planning. This study provides a complete review and analysis of the relevant preoperative ALT imaging literature.