Evaluation and Application of a PET Tracer in Preclinical and Phase 1 Studies to Determine the Brain Biodistribution of Minzasolmin (UCB0599).

Purpose: Minzasolmin (UCB0599) is an orally administered, small molecule inhibitor of ASYN misfolding in development as a potential disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson's disease. Here we describe the preclinical development of a radiolabeled tracer and results from a phase 1 study using the tracer to investigate the brain distribution of minzasolmin.

Procedures: In the preclinical study, two radiolabeling positions were investigated on the S-enantiomer of minzasolmin (UCB2713): [C]methylamine UCB2713 ([C-N-CH]UCB2713) and [C]carbonyl UCB2713 ([C-CO]UCB2713).

Preterm Formula, Fortified or Unfortified Human Milk for Very Preterm Infants, the PREMFOOD Study: A Parallel Randomised Feasibility Trial.

Objective: Uncertainty exists regarding optimal supplemental diet for very preterm infants if the mother's own milk (MM) is insufficient. We evaluated feasibility for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) powered to detect important differences in health outcomes.

Methods: In this open, parallel, feasibility trial, we randomised infants 25+0-31+6 weeks of gestation by opt-out consent to one of three diets: unfortified human milk (UHM) (unfortified MM and/or unfortified pasteurised human donor milk (DM) supplement), fortified human milk (FHM) (fortified MM and/or fortified DM supplement), and unfortified MM and/or preterm formula (PTF) supplement from birth to 35+0 weeks post menstrual age.

Giant Tunable Mechanical Nonlinearity in Graphene-Silicon Nitride Hybrid Resonator.

High quality factor mechanical resonators have shown great promise in the development of classical and quantum technologies. Simultaneously, progress has been made in developing controlled mechanical nonlinearity. Here, we combine these two directions of progress in a single platform consisting of coupled silicon nitride (SiNx) and graphene mechanical resonators.

Outbreak report of investigation and control of an outbreak of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-MSSA) infection in neonates and mothers.

Background: In January 2011, there was an outbreak of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-positive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-MSSA) infection in a neonatal unit (NNU). We describe the investigation and control of an outbreak of PVL-MSSA infection in neonates.

Setting: Neonatal unit in West London.

Motion Transduction with Thermo-mechanically Squeezed Graphene Resonator Modes.

There is a recent surge of interest in amplification and detection of tiny motion in the growing field of opto- and electromechanics. Here, we demonstrate widely tunable, broad bandwidth, and high gain all-mechanical motion amplifiers based on graphene/silicon nitride (SiNx) hybrids. In these devices, a tiny motion of a large-area SiNx membrane is transduced to a much larger motion in a graphene drum resonator coupled to SiNx.

Early-onset group B (EOGBS) infection subsequent to cessation of screening-based intrapartum prophylaxis: findings of an observational study in West London, UK.

Objectives: To describe the impact on early-onset group B (EOGBS) infection rates following reversion from screening-based to risk-based intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis (IAP) for prevention.

Setting: Maternity services provided by secondary healthcare organisation in North West London.

Participants: All women who gave birth in the healthcare organisation between April 2016 and March 2017.

Hidden Area and Mechanical Nonlinearities in Freestanding Graphene.

We investigated the effect of out-of-plane crumpling on the mechanical response of graphene membranes. In our experiments, stress was applied to graphene membranes using pressurized gas while the strain state was monitored through two complementary techniques: interferometric profilometry and Raman spectroscopy. By comparing the data obtained through these two techniques, we determined the geometric hidden area which quantifies the crumpling strength.

Outcome of a screening programme for the prevention of neonatal invasive early-onset group B Streptococcus infection in a UK maternity unit: an observational study.

Background: Against a background of failure to prevent neonatal invasive early-onset group B infections (GBS) in our maternity unit using risk-based approach for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, we introduced an antenatal GBS carriage screening programme to identify additional women to target for prophylaxis.

Objectives: To describe the implementation and outcome of an antepartum screening programme for prevention of invasive early-onset GBS infection in a UK maternity unit.

Design: Observational study of outcome of screening programme (intervention) with comparison to historical controls (preintervention).

Predictors of expressed breast milk volume in mothers expressing milk for their preterm infant.

Background: An understanding of predictors of breast milk production may enable the provision of better advice and support to mothers with preterm infants who may need to express milk for long periods.

Objective: To investigate factors predicting the amount of milk expressed by mothers for their preterm infant (1) during the first 10 days and (2) during the infant's whole hospital stay.

Methods: 62 mothers with preterm infants <34 weeks who participated in a randomised trial comparing two breast pumps completed 10-day diaries including weight of milk expressed and questionnaires giving their opinion of the breast pump; 47 mothers provided data on milk expression up to the infant's hospital discharge.

The impact and efficacy of routine pulse oximetry screening for CHD in a local hospital.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact and efficacy of pulse oximetry screening for CHD in a level-two neonatal unit without on-site access to paediatric echocardiography.

Methods: All neonatal unit admissions between 1 September, 2011 and 31 August, 2013 were reviewed to determine the outcomes of newborns identified by pulse oximetry screening. Record linkage with the National Congenital Heart Disease Audit allowed follow-up of newborns with a negative screening result.

The effect of intrinsic crumpling on the mechanics of free-standing graphene.

Free-standing graphene is inherently crumpled in the out-of-plane direction due to dynamic flexural phonons and static wrinkling. We explore the consequences of this crumpling on the effective mechanical constants of graphene. We develop a sensitive experimental approach to probe stretching of graphene membranes under low applied stress at cryogenic to room temperatures.

Are we considering neonatal stroke early enough in our differential diagnosis?

Background: Neonatal stroke is an important cause of neurodisability in childhood and in later life. Delay in diagnosis is often inevitable due to the non-specific presentation, the lack of clinical signs, and not considering stroke early enough in the differential diagnosis.

Case: We report the case of a baby who initially presented with apparent newborn "jitteriness" and abnormal movements.

Uncommon antenatal presentation of tuberous sclerosis.

This is a case of a newborn male who was diagnosed in the first month of life with tuberous sclerosis following an incidental ultrasound finding of unilateral ventriculomegaly at 36+6 weeks gestation. The antenatal ultrasound scan at 36+6 weeks was performed to establish fetal lie. Subsequent fetal brain MRI showed lesions that were initially thought to be haemorrhages, but turned out to be features of tuberous sclerosis.

GATA1-mutant clones are frequent and often unsuspected in babies with Down syndrome: identification of a population at risk of leukemia.

Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM), a preleukemic disorder unique to neonates with Down syndrome (DS), may transform to childhood acute myeloid leukemia (ML-DS). Acquired GATA1 mutations are present in both TAM and ML-DS. Current definitions of TAM specify neither the percentage of blasts nor the role of GATA1 mutation analysis.

Randomized trial comparing the effectiveness of 2 electric breast pumps in the NICU.

Background: Mothers with preterm infants may need to express milk for considerable periods. Research to improve breast pump design has focused on compression stimuli, frequencies, and vacuums.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 2 electric pumps: Medela Symphony (pump S) and a novel pump (Philips AVENT Twin electronic pump; pump A).

A novel assay to measure B cell responses to keyhole limpet haemocyanin vaccination in healthy volunteers and subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The aim of the study was to characterize performance of a complementary set of assays to measure antigen-specific immune responses in subjects immunized with a neoantigen. Healthy volunteers (HV) (n = 8) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 6) were immunized with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) on days 1 and 29. Serum antibodies were detected using a flow cytometric bead array (CBA) that multiplexed the KLH response alongside pre-existing anti-tetanus antibodies.

Electron refluxing and K-shell line emission from Ti foils irradiated with subpicosecond laser pulses at 527 nm.

We present data on emission of K-shell radiation from Ti foils irradiated with subpicosecond pulses of second harmonic radiation (527 nm) from the TARANIS laser system at intensities of up to 10(18) W cm(-2). The data are used to demonstrate that a resonance absorption type mechanism is responsible for absorption of the laser light and to estimate fast electron temperatures of 30-60 keV that are in broad agreement with expectation from models of absorption for a steep density gradient. Data taken with resin-backed targets are used to demonstrate clear evidence of electron refluxing even at the modest fast electron temperatures inferred.

Infant feeding bottle design, growth and behaviour: results from a randomised trial.

Background: Whether the design of an anti-vacuum infant feeding bottle influences infant milk intake, growth or behavior is unknown, and was the subject of this randomized trial.

Subjects: 63 (36 male) healthy, exclusively formula-fed term infants.

Intervention: Randomisation to use Bottle A (n = 31), one-way air valve: Philips Avent) versus Bottle B (n = 32), internal venting system: Dr Browns).

Association between infant correlates of impulsivity--surgency (extraversion)--and early infant growth.

Increasing evidence suggests that rapid postnatal weight gain is associated with increased risks of being overweight or obese later in life and of co-morbidities, such as diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. In children as young as two years of age, as well as in adults, an appetitive system-linked impulsivity trait has been demonstrated to be linked with increased overweight, and postulated to act via increased food intake, through greater responsiveness to food and lower self-inhibitory control skills. In this study, we hypothesized that growth in infancy, a critical window for metabolic programming, would be predicted by measures of infant surgency/extraversion, assessed using the Rothbart Infant Behaviour Questionnaire (revised version).

Guidance for withdrawal and withholding of intensive care as part of neonatal end-of-life care.

Introduction: Advances in foetal medicine and neonatology have enabled increased antenatal diagnosis of life-limiting conditions and improved preterm survival, escalating the debate surrounding the ethics of neonatal end-of-life care and withholding or withdrawing intensive care.

Sources Of Data: Literature search of MEDLINE and the Cochrane library databases using the search terms [neonatal palliative care] AND [neonatal AND withdrawal of intensive care and treatment]. Review of consensus statements and guidelines.