Duplicate Left-Sided Vagus Nerve: Intraoperative Imaging, Management, and Placement.

 Duplicate cranial nerves are fundamentally rare anatomical variants. Few case reports have documented cranial nerve duplication. One previous case report has reported a vagus nerve with a smaller secondary accessory nerve component.

Consequences of reprogramming acetyl-CoA metabolism by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the mouse liver.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental contaminant that induces the progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis in mice. Furthermore, TCDD reprograms hepatic metabolism by redirecting glycolytic intermediates while inhibiting lipid metabolism. Here, we examined the effect of TCDD on hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) and β-hydroxybutyrate levels as well as protein acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation.

De Novo Glioblastoma Masqueraded within a Hemispheric Dural Meningiomatosis: Rare Imaging Findings and Rationale for Two-Staged Resection.

 Collision tumors present as histologically different juxtaposed neoplasms within the same anatomical region, independent of the adjacent cell population. De novo intracranial collision tumors involving metachronous primary brain neoplasms alongside dural meningiomatosis are not well documented in the literature.  We present staged surgical management of a 72-year-old female with known left hemispheric stable dural-based convexity mass lesions over 10 years and new-onset expressive aphasia and headaches.

Intracranial fungal infection in a nonimmunocompromised patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: is a dematiaceous fungus that rarely infects the central nervous system (CNS). It is associated with a mortality rate of over 70% despite treatment.

Case Description: An 81-year-old female with a remote history of renal cell carcinoma presented with progressive headache and an expressive aphasia for 3 days.

Thioesterase induction by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin results in a futile cycle that inhibits hepatic β-oxidation.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent environmental contaminant, induces steatosis by increasing hepatic uptake of dietary and mobilized peripheral fats, inhibiting lipoprotein export, and repressing β-oxidation. In this study, the mechanism of β-oxidation inhibition was investigated by testing the hypothesis that TCDD dose-dependently repressed straight-chain fatty acid oxidation gene expression in mice following oral gavage every 4 days for 28 days. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed a dose-dependent decrease in hepatic acyl-CoA levels, while octenoyl-CoA and dicarboxylic acid levels increased.