The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns, Cognition, and Cardiometabolic Health in Healthy, Older Adults.

Background: Healthy dietary patterns can support the maintenance of cognition and brain health in older age and are negatively associated with cardiometabolic risk. Cardiometabolic risk factors are similarly important for cognition and may play an important role in linking diet to cognition.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and cognition and to determine whether cardiometabolic health markers moderate these relationships in older adulthood.

Should We Work Smarter or Harder for Our Health? A Comparison of Intensity and Domain-Based Time-Use Compositions and Their Associations With Cognitive and Cardiometabolic Health.

Background: Each day is made up of a composition of "time-use behaviors." These can be classified by their intensity (eg, light or moderate-vigorous physical activity [PA]) or domain (eg, chores, socializing). Intensity-based time-use behaviors are linked with cognitive function and cardiometabolic health in older adults, but it is unknown whether these relationships differ depending on the domain (or type/context) of behavior.

A pragmatic, open-label, randomized controlled trial of Plasma-Lyte-148 versus standard intravenous fluids in children receiving kidney transplants (PLUTO).

Acute electrolyte and acid-base imbalance is experienced by many children following kidney transplant. This is partly because doctors give very large volumes of artificial fluids to keep the new kidney working. When severe, fluid imbalance can lead to seizures, cerebral edema and death.

Student Pharmacists during the Pandemic: Development of a COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (COVKAP) Survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused innumerable changes to all aspects of human life and behavior, including academic life. This study describes the development of a COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (COVKAP) Survey among U.S.

Kidney Transplantation in Small Children: Association Between Body Weight and Outcome-A Report From the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry.

Background: Many centers accept a minimum body weight of 10 kg as threshold for kidney transplantation (Tx) in children. As solid evidence for clinical outcomes in multinational studies is lacking, we evaluated practices and outcomes in European children weighing below 10 kg at Tx.

Methods: Data were obtained from the European Society of Paediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association and European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry on all children who started kidney replacement therapy at <2.

Fabrication, Testing, and Simulation of All-Solid-State Three-Dimensional Li-Ion Batteries.

Demonstration of three-dimensional all-solid-state Li-ion batteries (3D SSLIBs) has been a long-standing goal for numerous researchers in the battery community interested in developing high power and high areal energy density storage solutions for a variety of applications. Ideally, the 3D geometry maximizes the volume of active material per unit area, while keeping its thickness small to allow for fast Li diffusion. In this paper, we describe experimental testing and simulation of 3D SSLIBs fabricated using materials and thin-film deposition methods compatible with semiconductor device processing.

Making your way as an academic paediatric trainee in the UK.

A career path in academic paediatric medicine is an extremely rewarding one, and while not traditionally considered an academic specialty, it offers a wealth of exciting research opportunities. Developing academic paediatrics is becoming increasingly important, as recently reviewed in the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) Turning the Tide report, and developing future leaders in academic paediatrics is a key goal of the academic training pathways. Strategies are being implemented to ensure that the enthusiasm of academic trainees is maintained, and their development into future leaders is secured.

The role of genetics in drug dosing.

Renal transplantation is the optimal form of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for the majority of patients. Both short- and long-term graft rejection are well recognized complications following transplantation, and optimal immunosuppression is often difficult to achieve. Pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) are hard to predict in all patients, and best practice involves the use of standard dosing based on weight and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Current progress in pharmacogenetics and individualized immunosuppressive drug dosing in organ transplantation.

The immunosuppressive drugs used in organ transplantation typically have a narrow therapeutic index, with wide variation in the blood concentration achieved from a given dose observed between individuals. This issue has been addressed through the use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), but it may take 5 to 7 days to reach target blood concentrations using this approach. This timeline is not conducive to achieving sufficiently high concentrations in all patients to prevent graft rejection without exposing the patient to excessive toxicity over the critical 2- to 3-day period following transplantation.

Transgenic expression of aflatoxin aldehyde reductase (AKR7A1) modulates aflatoxin B1 metabolism but not hepatic carcinogenesis in the rat.

In both experimental animals and humans, aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) is a potent hepatic toxin and carcinogen against which a variety of antioxidants and experimental or therapeutic drugs (e.g., oltipraz, related dithiolethiones, and various triterpenoids) protect from both acute toxicity and carcinogenesis.

Venepuncture technique training vs practice: a survey of foundation year 1 doctors.

This survey investigated potential disparity between foundation year 1 doctors' formal undergraduate venepuncture training and their actual clinical practice. Is there still a high prevalence of needle and syringe use?