Immersion-Induced Mitral Regurgitation: A Novel Risk Factor for Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema.

Immersion pulmonary edema, more commonly referred to as swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE), is a well-documented condition believed to be a result of immersion physiologic condition that is characterized by a peripheral-to-central redistribution of blood volume. It disproportionally affects young, healthy athletes with no clinically overt cardiovascular or pulmonary conditions. We present four cases of healthy athletes with previously documented SIPE, who participated in Institutional Review Board-approved clinical studies that examined the pathophysiologic condition and prevention of SIPE.

Developing a model for effective leadership in healthcare: a concept mapping approach.

Purpose: Despite increasing awareness of the importance of leadership in healthcare, our understanding of the competencies of effective leadership remains limited. We used a concept mapping approach (a blend of qualitative and quantitative analysis of group processes to produce a visual composite of the group's ideas) to identify stakeholders' mental model of effective healthcare leadership, clarifying the underlying structure and importance of leadership competencies.

Methods: Literature review, focus groups, and consensus meetings were used to derive a representative set of healthcare leadership competency statements.

Transitions of Care in an Era of Healthcare Transformation.

In the practice of modern emergency medicine (EM), transitions of care (TOC) have taken a prominent role, and during this time of healthcare reform, TOC has become a focal point of improvement initiatives across the continuum of care. This review includes a comprehensive examination of various regulatory, accreditation, and policy-based elements with which EM physicians interact in their daily practice. The content is organized into five domains: Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), The Joint Commission, Affordable Care Act, National Quality Forum (NQF), and accountable care organizations.

A first step toward understanding best practices in leadership training in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review.

Purpose: To characterize leadership curricula in undergraduate medical education as a first step toward understanding best practices in leadership education.

Method: The authors systematically searched the PubMed, Education Resources Information Center, Academic Search Complete, and Education Full Text databases for peer-reviewed English-language articles published 1980-2014 describing curricula with interventions to teach medical students leadership skills. They characterized educational settings, curricular format, and learner and instructor types.