GeoH2 model: Geospatial cost optimization of green hydrogen production including storage and transportation.

This paper presents GeoH2, a geospatial model that optimizes the cost of green hydrogen production, storage, transport, and conversion. This model calculates the cost of producing green hydrogen in a specified location to meet demand in another location by: •Optimizing hydrogen conversion and transport from production site to demand site•Optimizing green hydrogen production and storage based on spatially-specific wind and solar generation temporal availability This method allows users to map production costs throughout a region to identify the lowest-cost location of green hydrogen production to meet demand using a specified end-state for transportation and storage (i.e.

Standards recommendations for the Earth BioGenome Project.

A global international initiative, such as the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), requires both agreement and coordination on standards to ensure that the collective effort generates rapid progress toward its goals. To this end, the EBP initiated five technical standards committees comprising volunteer members from the global genomics scientific community: Sample Collection and Processing, Sequencing and Assembly, Annotation, Analysis, and IT and Informatics. The current versions of the resulting standards documents are available on the EBP website, with the recognition that opportunities, technologies, and challenges may improve or change in the future, requiring flexibility for the EBP to meet its goals.

Optimization of green ammonia distribution systems for intercontinental energy transport.

Green ammonia is a promising hydrogen derivative which enables intercontinental transport of dispatchable renewable energy. This research describes the development of a model which optimizes a global green ammonia network, considering the costs of production, storage, and transport. In generating the model, we show economies of scale for green ammonia production are small beyond 1 million tonnes per annum (MMTPA), although benefits accrue up to a production rate of 10 MMTPA if a production facility is serviced by a new port or requires a long pipeline.

A gene trap mutation of a murine homolog of the Drosophila stem cell factor Pumilio results in smaller testes but does not affect litter size or fertility.

Members of the Pumilio (also called PUF) gene family belong to a class of highly conserved developmental regulators that are present in both flies and humans. Much is known about the function of Pumilio genes in invertebrate development, in particular their role as stem cell factors required for maintenance and/or self-renewal of germline stem cells in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans. It remains unknown whether Pumilio genes are also required for development in mammals; however, several lines of evidence suggest similar functions based on extensive sequence homology, similar RNA-binding properties to their invertebrate counterparts and well-documented interactions with germ cell factors required for fertility.

A gene trap knockout of the abundant sperm tail protein, outer dense fiber 2, results in preimplantation lethality.

Outer dense fiber 2 (Odf2) is highly expressed in the testis where it encodes a major component of the outer dense fibers of the sperm flagellum. Furthermore, ODF2 protein has recently been identified as a widespread centrosomal protein. While the expression of Odf2 highlighted a potential role for this gene in male germ cell development and centrosome function, the in vivo function of Odf2 was not known.

Expression of Sox8, Sf1, Gata4, Wt1, Dax1, and Fog2 in the mouse ovarian follicle: implications for the regulation of Amh expression.

Anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh) is expressed in the granulosa cells of growing and preovulatory follicles in the mouse ovary where it acts to decrease responsiveness to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and plays a role in inhibiting primordial follicle recruitment. Recently, co-culture of isolated oocytes and granulosa cells has demonstrated that Amh expression is up-regulated in the presence of oocytes and, at preantral stages, this effect is dependent upon close contact. In Sertoli cells, Amh expression is regulated by several transcription factors including SOX9, SF1, GATA4, WT1, and DAX1, which, with the exception of SOX9, are also expressed in granulosa cells where GATA4 is known to up-regulate Amh expression antagonised by FOG2.

Oocyte regulation of anti-Müllerian hormone expression in granulosa cells during ovarian follicle development in mice.

In the ovarian follicle, anti-Müllerian hormone (Amh) mRNA is expressed in granulosa cells from primary to preovulatory stages but becomes restricted to cumulus cells following antrum formation. Anti-Müllerian hormone regulates follicle development by attenuating the effects of follicle stimulating hormone on follicle growth and inhibiting primordial follicle recruitment. To examine the role of the oocyte in regulating granulosa cell Amh expression in the mouse, isolated oocytes and granulosa cells were co-cultured and Amh mRNA levels were analysed by real-time RT-PCR.