Impact of High Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation on Access to Accredited Breast Imaging Screening and Diagnostic Facilities.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence or absence of accredited breast imaging facilities in ZIP codes with high or low neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation.

Methods: A retrospective ecological study design was used. Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage rankings at the ZIP code level were defined by the University of Wisconsin Neighborhood Atlas Area Deprivation Index.

Predictors for Nonhome Patient Discharge following Lower Extremity Arterial Interventions.

Purpose: To identify the variables associated with patient discharge disposition to optimize postprocedural care and discharge planning following lower extremity arterial interventions for peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Materials And Methods: The 2014-2017 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried using current procedural terminology codes for endovascular infrainguinal interventions for PAD. The main outcome variable of interest was nonhome discharge.

Effect of Sociodemographic Factors on Utilization of an Online Patient Portal to Self-Schedule Screening Mammography: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess for sociodemographic factors associated with the use of an online patient portal to self-schedule screening mammography (SM) compared with the traditional scheduling pathway (phone call and referral system).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at an urban quaternary care academic medical center with patient portal access to the electronic health record. All female patients undergoing SM at the institution from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, were included.

Interpretable Machine Learning for the Prediction of Amputation Risk Following Lower Extremity Infrainguinal Endovascular Interventions for Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Purpose: Severe peripheral artery disease (PAD) may result in lower extremity amputation or require multiple procedures to achieve limb salvage. Current prediction models for major amputation risk have had limited performance at the individual level. We developed an interpretable machine learning model that will allow clinicians to identify patients at risk of amputation and optimize treatment decisions for PAD patients.

Microwave Ablation as Bridging Therapy for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Awaiting Liver Transplant: A Single Center Experience.

Purpose: To determine the pathologic response of computed tomography-guided percutaneous microwave ablation as bridging therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma awaiting liver transplant, and its subsequent effect on survival.

Materials And Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on 62 patients (M:F = 50:12) with mean age of 59.6 years ± 7.

Pulmonary Vascular Manifestations of COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Purpose: To investigate pulmonary vascular abnormalities at CT pulmonary angiography (CT-PE) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 48 patients with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 infection who had undergone CT-PE between March 23 and April 6, 2020, in a large urban health care system were included. Patient demographics and clinical data were collected through the electronic medical record system.

Insulin-Dependent Status Influences Post-Procedural Outcomes in Diabetic Patients Following Lower Extremity Endovascular Intervention for Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Purpose: Diabetic patients are at increased risk of developing lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) requiring revascularization. This study assessed the effect of insulin dependence in diabetics on post-procedural outcomes following infra-inguinal endovascular intervention.

Materials And Methods: The American College of Surgeon's National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify 8022 patients undergoing infra-inguinal endovascular interventions between 2014 and 2017.

The role of interventional radiology in the management of refractory bile leaks.

Refractory bile leaks represent a damaging sequela of hepatobiliary surgery and direct trauma. Management of bile leaks represents a challenging clinical problem. Despite advances in endoscopic techniques, interventional radiology continues to play a vital role in the diagnosis and management of refractory bile leaks.

Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities/Programs in the United Kingdom.

Since first identified in late 2019, the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) and the resulting coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide, often diverting key resources in a bid to meet unprecedented challenges. To measure its impact on national antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities, a questionnaire was designed and disseminated to antimicrobialstewardship leads in the United Kingdom (UK). Most respondents reported a reduction in AMS activity with 64% (61/95) reporting that COVID-19 had a negative impact on routine AMS activities.

The Effect of Preoperative Renal Failure on Outcomes Following Infrainguinal Endovascular Interventions for Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of a patient's renal failure status on acute outcomes after lower extremity endovascular interventions for peripheral artery disease.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgery National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2014 to 2017 was conducted. Patients were included based on current procedural terminology codes.

Self-reported health without clinically measurable benefits among adult users of multivitamin and multimineral supplements: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Multiple clinical trials fail to identify clinically measurable health benefits of daily multivitamin and multimineral (MVM) consumption in the general adult population. Understanding the determinants of widespread use of MVMs may guide efforts to better educate the public about effective nutritional practices. The objective of this study was to compare self-reported and clinically measurable health outcomes among MVM users and non-users in a large, nationally representative adult civilian non-institutionalised population in the USA surveyed on the use of complementary health practices.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Disease Severity on Admission Chest Radiographs among Patients Admitted with Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background Disease severity on chest radiographs has been associated with higher risk of disease progression and adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Few studies have evaluated COVID-19-related racial and/or ethnic disparities in radiology. Purpose To evaluate whether non-White minority patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 infection presented with increased severity on admission chest radiographs compared with White or non-Hispanic patients.

Theory-based electronic learning intervention to support appropriate antibiotic prescribing by nurse and pharmacist independent prescribers: an acceptability and feasibility experimental study using mixed methods.

Objectives: To assess the acceptability and feasibility of using a theory-based electronic learning intervention designed to support appropriate antibiotic prescribing by nurse and pharmacist independent prescribers for patients presenting with common, acute, uncomplicated self-limiting respiratory tract infections (RTIs).

Design: Experimental with mixed methods; preintervention and postintervention online surveys and semistructured interviews.

Setting: Primary care settings across the UK.

Impact of a pilot NHS-funded sore throat test and treat service in community pharmacies on provision and quality of patient care.

Objective: A National Health Service (NHS)-funded sore throat test and treat (STTT) service was introduced in selected pharmacies in two local health boards in Wales, as an extension to the national pharmacy common ailment scheme. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of STTT on provision and quality of patient care, namely antibiotic use, patient safety and general practitioner (GP) consultation rates.

Methods: Secondary analyses of STTT consultation data to describe service outcomes, and routine data to explore changes in antibiotic prescribing and the prevalence of complications.

Theory-based electronic learning intervention to support appropriate antibiotic prescribing by nurses and pharmacists: intervention development and feasibility study protocol.

Introduction: Nurse and pharmacist independent prescribers manage patients with respiratory tract infections and are responsible for around 8% of all primary care antibiotic prescriptions. A range of factors influence the prescribing behaviour of these professionals, however, there are no interventions available specifically to support appropriate antibiotic prescribing behaviour by these groups. The aims of this paper are to describe (1) the development of an intervention to support appropriate antibiotic prescribing by nurse and pharmacist independent prescribers and (2) an acceptability and feasibility study designed to test its implementation with these prescribers.

Respiratory health inequality starts early: The impact of social determinants on the aetiology and severity of bronchiolitis in infancy.

Aim: To define the impact of demographics on the incidence, aetiology and clinical course of viral bronchiolitis in infants younger than 2 years of age.

Methods: Retrospective case review of all viral bronchiolitis admissions for patients aged younger than 2 years old from January 1 2014 to 31 December 2015 at Wellington Regional Hospital, New Zealand. Demographic data, second-hand smoke exposure (SHSE) and presence of predisposing conditions were collected, along with outcome data including use of respiratory support and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Acid-Catalyzed O-Glycosylation with Stable Thioglycoside Donors.

Two classes of thioglycoside, 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-butenylthioglycosides (MBTGs) and 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-pentenylthioglycosides (MPTGs), undergo acid-catalyzed O-glycosylations with a range of sugar and nonsugar alcohols at 25 °C. Electron density at the styrene alkene is critical for reactivity while sugar protecting group patterns have a minimal effect. In contrast with most methods for thioglycoside activation, acid-catalyzed activation of MBTGs is compatible with electroneutral alkenes.

Adolescent Dose and Ratings of an Internet-Based Depression Prevention Program: A Randomized Trial of Primary Care Physician Brief Advice versus a Motivational Interview.

BACKGROUND: Internet-based interventions for education and behavior change have proliferated, but most adolescents may not be sufficiently motivated to engage in Internet-based behavior change interventions. We sought to determine how two different forms of primary care physician engagement, brief advice (BA) versus motivational interview (MI), could enhance participation outcomes in an Internet-based depression prevention intervention. METHODS: Eighty-three adolescents at risk for developing major depression were recruited by screening in primary care and randomized to two groups: BA (1-2 minutes) + Internet program versus MI (10-15 minutes) + Internet program.