Characteristics of Team Physicians in the National Football League: The Road to Success and a Call for Diversity.

Background: The role of team physician (TP) in professional sports is a highly coveted position within sports medicine. There is currently limited research on the demographic characteristics of TPs within the National Football League (NFL).

Purpose: To identify demographic characteristics and educational backgrounds of NFL head TPs (HTPs) and assistant TPs (ATPs).

Sex hormones regulate metainflammation in diet-induced obesity in mice.

Men have a statistically higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease than premenopausal women, but the mechanisms mediating these differences are elusive. Chronic inflammation during obesity contributes to disease risk and is significantly more robust in males. Prior work demonstrated that compared with obese males, obese females have reduced proinflammatory adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs).

Sex Differences in Inflammatory Responses to Adipose Tissue Lipolysis in Diet-Induced Obesity.

Males are known to have profound adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) accumulation in gonadal white adipose tissue (GWAT) during obesity, whereas females are protected from such an inflammatory response even with increased adiposity. The inflammatory tone in males is linked to insulin resistance and might be the underlying cause for sex differences in metabolic disease. Factors regulating the meta-inflammatory response remain unclear but enhanced lipid storage in females may explain the reduced inflammatory response to high-fat diets.