Crosstalk between CD64MHCII macrophages and CD4 T cells drives joint pathology during chikungunya.

Communications between immune cells are essential to ensure appropriate coordination of their activities. Here, we observed the infiltration of activated macrophages into the joint-footpads of chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-infected animals. Large numbers of CD64MHCII and CD64MHCII macrophages were present in the joint-footpad, preceded by the recruitment of their CD11bLy6C inflammatory monocyte precursors.

Immunological observations and transcriptomic analysis of trimester-specific full-term placentas from three Zika virus-infected women.

Objectives: Effects of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection on placental development during pregnancy are unclear.

Methods: Full-term placentas from three women, each infected with ZIKV during specific pregnancy trimesters, were harvested for anatomic, immunologic and transcriptomic analysis.

Results: In this study, each woman exhibited a unique immune response with raised IL-1RA, IP-10, EGF and RANTES expression and neutrophil numbers during the acute infection phase.