Publications by authors named "Nicholas J Carter"

Article Synopsis
  • Military physicians in resource-limited settings, especially abroad, must assess the need for aeromedical evacuation while also providing immediate care for various medical issues without relying on evacuation.
  • A case involving a 26-year-old woman who accidentally injured her nipple stud at a military base in Egypt illustrates the challenges faced, including a bacterial infection that was treated effectively with antibiotics.
  • The treatment involved using adhesive strips to hold the tissue in place, resulting in a well-healed scar, and the report emphasizes the need for further research on such rare injuries in challenging environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Kinesin-1 is an ATP-driven molecular motor that transports cellular cargo along microtubules. At low loads, kinesin-1 almost always steps forward, toward microtubule plus ends, but at higher loads, it can also step backward. Backsteps are usually 8 nm but can be larger.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Transport of proteins and lipids from one membrane compartment to another is via intracellular vesicles. We investigated the function of tumor protein D54 (TPD54/TPD52L2) and found that TPD54 was involved in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: anterograde traffic, recycling, and Golgi integrity. To understand how TPD54 controls these diverse functions, we used an inducible method to reroute TPD54 to mitochondria.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) is historically an effective method of assessing the patient in the trauma bay in order to aid decision-making and optimise patient outcomes. However, in the UK civilian practice, the use of FAST may decline given a recent change in National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance as a result of improvement in CT availability and resuscitation techniques.

Method: In the Role 3 Medical Treatment Facility, Camp Bastion, 187 patients with trauma who received FAST in the trauma bay in 2014 were reviewed to determine the accuracy of FAST in the deployed environment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Many eukaryotes assemble a ring-shaped actomyosin network that contracts to drive cytokinesis. Unlike actomyosin in sarcomeres, which cycles through contraction and relaxation, the cytokinetic ring disassembles during contraction through an unknown mechanism. Here we find in and that, during actomyosin ring contraction, actin filaments associated with actomyosin rings are expelled as micron-scale bundles containing multiple actomyosin ring proteins.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Dyslipidaemias refer to abnormal levels of circulating lipids and high cholesterol and is related to cardiovascular death. This paper examines the types and prevalence of dyslipidaemia with specific reference to a military population and describes who to target in screening strategies used to detect people with abnormal lipid profiles. The diagnostic limits for a diagnosis of dyslipidaemia are explored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Kinesin-12 motors are a little studied branch of the kinesin superfamily with the human protein (Kif15) implicated in spindle mechanics and chromosome movement. In this study, we reconstitute full-length hKif15 and its microtubule-targeting factor hTpx2 in vitro to gain insight into the motors mode of operation. We reveal that hKif15 is a plus-end-directed processive homotetramer that can step against loads of up to 3.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the major internalisation route for many different receptor types in mammalian cells. CME is shut down during early mitosis, but the mechanism of this inhibition is unclear. In this study, we show that the mitotic shutdown is due to an unmet requirement for actin in CME.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Kinesin-1 is a walking machine that takes ~8 nm steps along microtubules. Some aspects of the molecular mechanism of walking are now clear, but many are not. In the present paper, we discuss currently controversial points, focusing on the pathways by which kinesin takes occasional backsteps.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Kinesin's moonwalk.

Curr Opin Cell Biol

February 2006

Kinesin-1 is a single-molecule walking machine, driven by ATP turnover. Recent optical trapping experiments show that pulling backwards on a walking kinesin-1 molecule causes the mechanical walking action to reverse, while the coupled chemical cycle of ATP turnover continues, apparently, to run forwards -- kinesin can moonwalk. Individual forward- and back-steps are fast, and each appears to be a single event, complete in a few tens of microseconds, with no substeps.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF