Sodium-calcium exchanger mediates sensory-evoked glial calcium transients in the developing retinotectal system.

Various types of sensory stimuli have been shown to induce Ca elevations in glia. However, a mechanistic understanding of the signaling pathways mediating sensory-evoked activity in glia in intact animals is still emerging. During early development of the Xenopus laevis visual system, radial astrocytes in the optic tectum are highly responsive to sensory stimulation.

Neuron-astrocyte networking: astrocytes orchestrate and respond to changes in neuronal network activity across brain states and behaviors.

Astrocytes are known to play many important roles in brain function. However, research underscoring the extent to which astrocytes modulate neuronal activity is still underway. Here we review the latest evidence regarding the contribution of astrocytes to neuronal oscillations across the brain, with a specific focus on how astrocytes respond to changes in brain state (e.