The Role of Arthroscopic Simulation in Teaching Surgical Skills: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Following the introduction of worktime regulations across the world along with existing concerns over the nonuniform nature of the traditional apprenticeship model, an alternative method for teaching surgical skills is being sought. Simulation training offers a safe and standardized environment to develop and improve surgical skills. The purpose of the present study was to review the existing and most recent research into the utility of arthroscopic simulators in training and the teaching of surgical skills.

Late Presentation of Infected Silicone Granulomas in the Lower Limb.

Introduction: Dermal fillers are used for multiple cosmetic indications including gluteal and thigh augmentation. Complications, although infrequent, are increasing due to the dramatic growth of dermal filler use. Our aim was to describe how the complication of infected silicone granulomas can present following lower limb augmentation.

The Clavicle Trial: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Operative with Nonoperative Treatment of Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures.

Background: The treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures remains controversial.

Methods: We undertook a multicenter randomized controlled trial to compare effectiveness and safety between nonoperative management and ORIF (open reduction and internal fixation) for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adults. Three hundred and one eligible adult patients were randomized to 1 of the 2 treatment groups and followed at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 9 months after recruitment.

Surgical interventions for treating fractures of the olecranon in adults.

Background: Fractures of the olecranon (the bony tip of the elbow) account for approximately 1% of all upper extremity fractures. Surgical intervention is often required to restore elbow function. Two key methods of surgery are tension band wire fixation and plate fixation.

Is hybrid imaging (SPECT/CT) a useful adjunct in the management of suspected facet joints arthropathy?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of SPECT/CT imaging in patients with chronic spinal pain.

Methods: This was a retrospective consecutive study. Patients with chronic neck or back pain from outpatient spinal clinics with clinical features raising the possibility of a facetogenic pain generator and non-conclusive MRI/CT findings were included.

Conservative management versus open reduction and internal fixation for mid-shaft clavicle fractures in adults--the Clavicle Trial: study protocol for a multicentre randomized controlled trial.

Background: Clavicle fractures account for around 4% of all fractures and up to 44% of fractures of the shoulder girdle. Fractures of the middle third (or mid-shaft) account for approximately 80% of all clavicle fractures. Management of this group of fractures is often challenging and the outcome can be unsatisfactory.

A conservative approach to quadricepsplasty: description of a modified surgical technique and a report of three cases.

Various techniques have been described for the treatment of soft tissue extension contracture of the knee. Some involve large exposures, and others can result in a permanent extensor lag. We describe a technique with limited exposure, avoiding transverse incisions in the rectus femoris.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept) for reducing the incidence of postoperative delirium after elective total hip replacement.

Objectives: This was a pilot, phase 2a study to assess methodological feasibility and the safety and efficacy of donepezil in preventing postoperative delirium after elective total hip replacement surgery in older people without pre-existing dementia. The hypothesis was that donepezil would reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium.

Methods: A double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group randomized trial was undertaken.

Common misconceptions of normal hip joint relations on pelvic radiographs.

This study defines normal bilateral variations in offset and hip center location on pelvic radiographs. The relationship of the femoral head center to the tip of the greater trochanter and that of offset to medullary canal diameter are also defined. Measurements of the offset, hip center location, height of the tip of the greater trochanter from the femoral head center, and medullary canal diameter were carried out on 100 normal pelvic radiographs.