Prevalence of radiographic appendicular osteoarthritis and associated clinical signs in young dogs.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and associated clinical signs in young dogs. Owners of dogs aged 8 months-4 years from a single practice, were contacted in random order, to participate in a general health screen. Clinical and orthopedic examinations were performed.

A Cross-Sectional Investigation of Preadolescent Cardiometabolic Health: Associations with Fitness, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Nutrition, and Sleep.

Background: Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk often begins early in life. Healthy lifestyle behaviors can mitigate risk, but the optimal combination of behaviors has not been determined. This cross-sectional study simultaneously examined the associations between lifestyle factors (fitness, activity behaviors, and dietary patterns) and CMD risk in preadolescent children.

Adiposity in preadolescent children: Associations with cardiorespiratory fitness.

Lifestyle factors contribute to childhood obesity risk, however it is unclear which lifestyle factors are most strongly associated with childhood obesity. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to simultaneously investigate the associations among dietary patterns, activity behaviors, and physical fitness with adiposity (body fat %, fat mass, body mass index [BMI], and waist to hip ratio) in preadolescent children. Preadolescent children (N = 392, 50% female, age: 9.

Acute kidney injury in pediatrics: an overview focusing on pathophysiology.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt decline in glomerular filtration rate, with increased serum creatinine and nitrogenous waste products due to several possible etiologies. Incidence in the pediatric population is estimated to be 3.9 per 1,000 hospitalizations, and prevalence among children admitted to intensive care units is 26.

Social Jetlag and Cardiometabolic Risk in Preadolescent Children.

Childhood cardiometabolic disease risk (CMD) has been associated with short sleep duration. Its relationship with other aspects of sleep should also be considered, including social jetlag (SJL) which represents the difference between a person's social rhythms and circadian clock. This study investigated whether childhood CMD risk is associated with sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and SJL.

Fitness and Fatness Are Both Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Preadolescents.

Objective: To determine the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and fatness (overweight-obesity) with cardiometabolic disease risk among preadolescent children.

Study Design: This cross-sectional study recruited 392 children (50% female, 8-10 years of age). Overweight-obesity was classified according to 2007 World Health Organization criteria for body mass index.

Food Consumption Patterns and Body Composition in Children: Moderating Effects of Prop Taster Status.

This cross-sectional study determined whether 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status moderates the relationship between food consumption patterns and body composition in children. Children were recruited ( = 342, 50% female, 8-10 y) from across New Zealand. Using a food frequency questionnaire, these food consumption patterns were derived: Processed Foods, Fruit and Vegetables, and Breakfast Foods.

Sleep and Adiposity in Preadolescent Children: The Importance of Social Jetlag.

Background: While short and poor quality sleep have been associated with childhood obesity, no known studies have examined social jetlag. Social jetlag is the discrepancy between an individual's circadian clock and social rhythms, and is measured as the difference in hours between the midpoint of sleep during work/school days and on free (weekend) days. This study investigated the independent associations between sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and social jetlag with adiposity in children.

Cardiometabolic Risk Variables in Preadolescent Children: A Factor Analysis.

Background: Atherosclerosis begins during preadolescence and is occurring at an accelerated rate. This acceleration has been linked to poor lifestyle behaviors and subsequent cardiometabolic complications. Although the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors has been recognized for over 2 decades, previous studies in children have predominantly examined the relationships between atherosclerosis and individual cardiometabolic risk factors or have grouped together preadolescent and adolescent children.

Pre-Adolescent Cardio-Metabolic Associations and Correlates: PACMAC methodology and study protocol.

Introduction: Although cardiovascular disease is typically associated with middle or old age, the atherosclerotic process often initiates early in childhood. The process of atherosclerosis appears to be occurring at an increasing rate, even in pre-adolescents, and has been linked to the childhood obesity epidemic. This study will investigate the relationships between obesity, lifestyle behaviours and cardiometabolic health in pre-pubescent children aged 8-10 years, and investigates whether there are differences in the correlates of cardiometabolic health between Māori and Caucasian children.