Pancreatic Ductal Cell Heterogeneity: Insights into the Potential for β-Cell Regeneration in Diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus is a significant and fast-growing health problem worldwide. Cost, donor shortages, and immune rejection limit current treatment strategies. While considerable progress has been made in creating β-cells in vitro with remarkable morphological and functional resemblance to those in primary pancreatic islets, exploring alternative sources for β-cell replacement is crucial.