Factors Associated with Ocular Injury in Orbital Fracture Patients: Who Requires Urgent Ophthalmic Evaluation?

Create validated criteria to identify orbital fracture patients at higher risk for significant ocular injuries. Determine history and physical examination findings in orbital fracture patients who are associated with ocular injury and warrant urgent assessment by an ophthalmologist. Retrospective chart review of 535 adult orbital fracture patients evaluated at a Level I emergency department between 2014 and 2017, without prior history of orbital fracture, ocular injury, or ocular/orbital surgery.