What Does N2 Lymph Node Involvement Mean for Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)?-A Review of Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.

Patients with stage III NSCLC with N2 lymph node involvement carry a complex and diverse disease entity. Challenges persist in the areas of diagnosis, staging, multimodal management, and the determination of surgical indications and resectability criteria. Therefore, this review focuses on the latest updates in N2 disease staging and its prognostic and treatment implications.

Repeated HyperArc radiosurgery for recurrent intracranial metastases and dosimetric analysis of recurrence pattern to account for diffuse dose effect on microscopical disease.

Aims: Evaluate effectiveness and safety of multiple HyperArc courses and patterns of progression in patients affected by BMs with intracranial progression.

Methods: 56 patients were treated for 702 BMs with 197 (range 2-8) HyperArc courses in case of exclusive intracranial progression. Primary end-point was the overall survival (OS), secondary end-points were intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS), toxicity, local control (LC), neurological death (ND), and whole-brain RT (WBRT)-free survival.

ONE SHOT - single shot radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: 18-month results of a single arm, multicenter phase I/II trial.

Purpose: To assess in a prospective, multicenter, single-arm phase I/II study the early safety and efficacy profile of single fraction urethra-sparing stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for men with localized prostate cancer.

Material And Methods: Patients with low- and intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer without significant tumor in the transitional zone were recruited. A single-fraction of 19 Gy was delivered to the prostate, with 17 Gy dose-reduction to the urethra.

Prostate volume variation during 1.5T MR-guided adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and correlation with treatment toxicity.

Introduction: To evaluate prostate volume change during daily-adaptive prostate SBRT on 1.5 T MR-linac and to correlate it with treatment toxicity.

Methods: a series of patients affected by low-to-intermediate risk prostate cancer was treated by 5-fraction SBRT within a prospective study (Prot.

Refining critical structure contouring in STereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR): Benchmark results and consensus guidelines from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium.

Background And Purpose: In patients with recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT), STereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR) shows promising results. The STOPSTORM.eu consortium was established to investigate and harmonise STAR treatment in Europe.

Linac-based versus MR-guided SBRT for localized prostate cancer: a comparative evaluation of acute tolerability.

Aim: This study aims to compare acute toxicity of prostate cancer (PCa) stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) delivered by MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) with 1.5-T MR-linac or by volumetric modulated arc (VMAT) with conventional linac.

Methods: Patients with low-to-favorable intermediate risk class PCa were treated with exclusive SBRT (35 Gy in five fractions).

Technological advancements and future perspectives in breast cancer radiation therapy.

Introduction: Breast cancer is still one of the most common tumors worldwide and radiation therapy has a central role in the oncological pathway. Several technological options are now available with the aim to improve therapeutic index, target definition, and patient selection.

Areas Covered: In this review, we summarize current available technologies in the management of breast cancer.

Systemic treatment and radiotherapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and HIV infection - A systematic review.

Lung cancer is the most common non-AIDS defining cancer among people living with HIV (PLWH), but there is a paucity of data regarding the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy and systemic regimens, including immunotherapy, in the treatment of these patients. In order to answer this question, we have performed a systematic search of the literature in Ovid Medline until March 17, 2022. We included 21 publications, enrolling 513 PLWH with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), mostly male (75-100%), (ex-)smokers (75-100%) and with stage III-IV at diagnosis (65-100%).

Thoracic Radiotherapy in Extensive Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer: Multicenter Prospective Observational TRENDS Study.

(1) Introduction: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive tumor type, accounting for about 15% of all lung cancers. Radiotherapy (RT) plays a fundamental role in both early and advanced stages. Currently, in advanced disease, the use of consolidative chest RT should be recommended for patients with good response to platinum-based first-line chemotherapy, but its use has not yet been standardized.

1.5 T MR-Guided Daily Adapted SBRT on Lymph Node Oligometastases from Prostate Cancer.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a daily adaptive MR-guided SBRT on 1.5 T MR-linac in patients affected by lymph node oligometastases from PCa. The present study is a prospective observational study conducted in a single institution (protocol n°: MRI/LINAC n.

Hypofractionated Postoperative Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer with Ialuril Soft Gels: Toxicity and Efficacy Analysis on a Retrospective Series of 305 Patients.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of Ialuril soft Gels (HA) in reducing acute genito-urinary (GU) toxicity in patients treated with adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy for a prostate cancer relapse.

Material And Methods: The data of 305 patients were retrospectively collected. One hundred and five patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT), while 200 a salvage treatment (sRT).

Stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of brainstem metastases: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Brainstem metastases (BSM) are associated with a poor prognosis and their management represents a therapeutic challenge. BSM are often inoperable and, in absence of randomized trials, the optimal radiation treatment of BSM remains to be defined. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of linear accelerator (linac)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and hypofractionated steretotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) in the treatment of BSM in a series of patients treated in different clinical centers.

Novel Harmonization Method for Multi-Centric Radiomic Studies in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The purpose of this multi-centric work was to investigate the relationship between radiomic features extracted from pre-treatment computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and clinical outcomes for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One-hundred and seventeen patients who received SBRT for early-stage NSCLC were retrospectively identified from seven Italian centers. The tumor was identified on pre-treatment free-breathing CT and PET images, from which we extracted 3004 quantitative radiomic features.

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia.

Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is an innovative therapeutic approach in patients (pts) with a diagnosis of refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) after the use of drugs, radiofrequency catheter ablation, and/or defibrillator (ICD) implant. The current efficacy data of SABR are limited and several prospective clinical studies are ongoing to support the use of ablative radiation dose to control VT. The aim of the current prospective pilot study is to report the efficacy and tolerability of SABR in ICD implanted pts with refractory VT in our centre.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and concomitant systemic therapy in oligoprogressive breast cancer patients.

Breast cancer is a heterogenous disease with a deep tailoring level. Evidence is accumulating on the role of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the management of oligometastatic disease, however this is limited in breast cancer. The aim of the present study is to show the effectiveness of SBRT in delaying the switch to a subsequent systemic treatment in oligoprogressive breast cancer patients.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for pulmonary oligometastases: a monoinstitutional analysis of clinical outcomes and potential prognostic factors.

Purpose: We report the retrospective data of a cohort of patients who received stereotactic body radiotherapy for pulmonary oligometastases, aiming to assess the clinical factors potentially affecting clinical outcomes.

Methods: The present series reports the outcomes of a cohort of 71 patients with pulmonary oligometastases with no extrapulmonary disease. All patients were treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) performed with volumetric modulated arc therapy-image guided radiotherapy (VMAT-IGRT) to up to five secondary lesions.

Immunotherapy in NSCLC Patients With Brain and Leptomeningeal Metastases.

Immunotherapy has now been integrated as a treatment strategy for most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the pivotal clinical trials that demonstrated its impressive efficacy often did not include patients with active, untreated brain metastases or leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Nevertheless, NSCLC is the most common tumor to metastasize to the brain, and patients develop brain and meningeal involvement in approximately 40 and 10% of cases, respectively.

1.5T MR-Guided Daily Adaptive Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Prostate Re-Irradiation: A Preliminary Report of Toxicity and Clinical Outcomes.

Background: Prostate re-irradiation is an attractive treatment option in the case of local relapse after previous radiotherapy, either in the definitive or in the post-operative setting. In this scenario, the introduction of MR-linacs may represent a helpful tool to improve the accuracy and precision of the treatment.

Methods: This study reports the preliminary data of a cohort of 22 patients treated with 1.

Postoperative moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a mono-institutional propensity-score-matching analysis between adjuvant and early-salvage radiotherapy.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of moderately hypofractionated postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: The data of 304 surgically resected PCa patients were analyzed. One hundred and five patients underwent adjuvant RT (aRT), 77 early-savage RT (esRT), and 123 salvage RT (sRT).

Automated Planning for Prostate Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy on the 1.5 T MR-Linac.

Purpose: Adaptive stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer (PC) by the 1.5 T MR-linac currently requires online planning by an expert user. A fully automated and user-independent solution to adaptive planning (mCycle) of PC-SBRT was compared with user's plans for the 1.

Reduction of inter-observer differences in the delineation of the target in spinal metastases SBRT using an automatic contouring dedicated system.

Background: Approximately one third of cancer patients will develop spinal metastases, that can be associated with back pain, neurological symptoms and deterioration in performance status. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) have been offered in clinical practice mainly for the management of oligometastatic and oligoprogressive patients, allowing the prescription of high total dose delivered in one or few sessions to small target volumes, minimizing the dose exposure of normal tissues. Due to the high delivered doses and the proximity of critical organs at risk (OAR) such as the spinal cord, the correct definition of the treatment volume becomes even more important in SBRT treatment, thus making it necessary to standardize the method of target definition and contouring, through the adoption of specific guidelines and specific automatic contouring tools.

The use of SBRT in the management of oligometastatic gynecological cancer: report of promising results in terms of tolerability and clinical outcomes.

Background: The use of stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) for oligometastases is supported by several literature studies, but in the setting of gynecological malignancies, this scenario remains quite unexplored. This study reports a preliminary assessment of clinical outcomes in a cohort of 40 patients with oligometastatic gynecological neoplasms.

Methods: Radiotherapy was delivered in 3-10 fractions with VMAT-IGRT technique.

SBRT for elderly oligometastatic patients as a feasible, safe and effective treatment opportunity.

The constantly increasing life expectancy is raising the issue of treating oncological older patients, who were traditionally candidates to best supportive care or palliative treatments. Several literature data support SBRT in the treatment of the oligometastatic patient as a potentially curable therapeutic option. However, data on older patients are lacking.

Epidemiology of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer: results from a systematic review and pooled analysis.

Background: To describe the incidence and the clinical characteristics of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Oligometastatic NSCLC is gaining recognition as a clinical condition with a different prognosis compared to multi metastatic disease. Usually, four different scenarios of oligometastatic disease can be described but not epidemiological data are available.