Engineered droplet-forming peptide as photocontrollable phase modulator for fused in sarcoma protein.

The assembly and disassembly of biomolecular condensates are crucial for the subcellular compartmentalization of biomolecules in the control of cellular reactions. Recently, a correlation has been discovered between the phase transition of condensates and their maturation (aggregation) process in diseases. Therefore, modulating the phase of condensates to unravel the roles of condensation has become a matter of interest.

A carnivorous mushroom paralyzes and kills nematodes via a volatile ketone.

The carnivorous mushroom uses an unknown toxin to rapidly paralyze and kill nematode prey upon contact. We report that small lollipop-shaped structures (toxocysts) on fungal hyphae are nematicidal and that a volatile ketone, 3-octanone, is detected in these fragile toxocysts. Treatment of with 3-octanone recapitulates the rapid paralysis, calcium influx, and neuronal cell death arising from fungal contact.

A synthetic pregnenolone analog promotes microtubule dynamics and neural development.

Background: Pregnenolone (P5) is a neurosteroid that promotes microtubule polymerization. It also reduces stress and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, promotes memory, as well as recovery from spinal cord injury. P5 is the first substance in the steroid-synthetic pathway; it can be further metabolized into other steroids.

A chemical probe inhibitor targeting STAT1 restricts cancer stem cell traits and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide cancer with rising annual incidence. New medications for patients with CRC are still needed. Recently, fluorescent chemical probes have been developed for cancer imaging and therapy.

Sensory cilia as the Achilles heel of nematodes when attacked by carnivorous mushrooms.

Fungal predatory behavior on nematodes has evolved independently in all major fungal lineages. The basidiomycete oyster mushroom is a carnivorous fungus that preys on nematodes to supplement its nitrogen intake under nutrient-limiting conditions. Its hyphae can paralyze nematodes within a few minutes of contact, but the mechanism had remained unclear.