Novel Fibre-Rich Breads Yield Improved Glucose Release Curves and Are Well Accepted by Children in Primary School Breakfast Clubs.

Background: The average fibre consumption of 4-10-year-old children in the UK is 14.6 g per day, with only 14% of these children reaching the 20 g recommended by the SACN (UK Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition), and this 'fibre gap' may be most pronounced in communities with the lowest socioeconomic status. School breakfast clubs target children from disadvantaged communities, but their provision may favour lower-fibre foods, due to perceptions that children will reject higher-fibre foods.

SOS1-Related Noonan Syndrome and Sudden Cardiac Arrest in the Absence of Cardiomyopathy-An Arrhythmia Phenotype?

Noonan syndrome (NS) is a predominantly autosomal dominant condition with various cardiac and extra-cardiac manifestations. Although it has been linked with atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias are extremely rare in the absence of underlying structural cardiac abnormalities. We report an instance of aborted sudden cardiac arrest in a 7-year-old male with a confirmed SOS1 variant and a lack of evidence to support a structural cardiac, metabolic, or infectious etiology.

Pediatric Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: Morphology, Characteristics, Clinical Outcomes, and Literature Review.

Background: Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is an exceedingly rare congenital heart defect (CHD) which has not been well-defined in a pediatric population.

Methods: The Mayo Clinic echocardiography database was retrospectively analyzed to identify patients ≤18 years diagnosed with QAV from January 1990 to December 2023. Patients with truncus arteriosus were excluded.

Effect of beta glucan coating on controlled release, bioaccessibility, and absorption of β-carotene from loaded liposomes.

Recently, the use of biopolymers as coating material to stabilise phospholipid-based nanocarriers has increased. One such class of biopolymers is the dietary fibre beta-glucan (βG). In this study, we developed and characterized beta-carotene (βC) loaded βG coated nanoliposomes (GNLs) to investigate the effect of βG coating on the stability, controlled release, bioaccessibility, diffusion and subsequent absorption of the lipophilic active agent.

Perforated posterior mitral valve leaflet in mitral annular disjunction and infective endocarditis.

We herein presented a 17-year-old female with history of mild mitral valve prolapse who was admitted for methicillin-sensitive endocarditis and diagnosed with mitral annular disjunction and perforated posterior mitral valve leaflet on two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography (P-P). A perforation in the posterior leaflet was confirmed and repaired during surgical intervention. This is a rare presentation of leaflet perforation in the area of mitral annular disjunction.

Fontan Palliation in Patients with Heterotaxy Syndrome: A Five Decade Experience.

Background: Patients with heterotaxy syndromes (right and left atrial isomerism) are at high risk of poor outcomes after single-ventricle palliation. However, the long-term outcomes and specific parameters associated with poor outcomes are incompletely understood.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all patients with atrial isomerism who had a Fontan at our institution from 1973 to 2020.

Outcomes of Biventricular and Single Ventricle Heterotaxy Patients: A Single Center Five-Decade Experience.

Background: Surgical palliation of patients with heterotaxy syndrome has proven challenging. Long-term outcomes have historically been poor. Factors contributing to these outcomes are not completely understood.

Active Composite Packaging Reinforced with Nisin-Loaded Nano-Vesicles for Extended Shelf Life of Chicken Breast Filets and Cheese Slices.

Unlabelled: To meet the demands for more effective and ecofriendly food packaging strategies, the potential of nisin-loaded rhamnolipid functionalized nanofillers (rhamnosomes) has been explored after embedding in hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose (HPMC) and κ-carrageenan (κ-CR)-based packaging films. It was observed that intrinsically active rhamnosomes based nanofillers greatly improved the mechanical and optical properties of nano-active packaging (NAP) films. Incorporation of rhamnosomes resulted in higher tensile strength (5.

Massive pulmonary embolism treated with low-dose thrombolysis on the geriatric ward during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A man in his 70s was admitted to hospital due to a fall, urinary tract infection and delirium. The patient had a 'do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation' order in place and a ward-based ceiling of care was agreed. He tested positive for COVID-19 while on a geriatric ward and subsequently developed bilateral pulmonary emboli with haemodynamic instability.

Risk Alleles in Familial Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

Background: Whole-genome sequencing in families enables deciphering of congenital heart disease causes. A shared genetic basis for familial bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) was postulated.

Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was performed in affected members of 6 multiplex BAV families, an HLHS cohort of 197 probands and 546 relatives, and 813 controls.

Systemic Semilunar Valve Repair/Replacement With Fontan Circulation: The Mayo Clinic Experience.

There is a paucity of literature regarding systemic semilunar valve (SSLV) dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation. We sought to describe our center's 47-year experience with systemic semilunar valve replacement or repair (SSLVR) in patients with Fontan circulation. The Mayo Clinic Fontan Database is a comprehensive institutional database that stores clinical information of 1176 patients from 1973 to 2021.

Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Replacement Therapy After Fontan Operation.

Fontan circulation leads to chronic elevation of central venous pressure. We sought to identify the incidence, risk factors, and survival among patients who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) after the Fontan operation. We retrospectively reviewed 1,166 patients who had Fontan operation/revision at Mayo Clinic Rochester from 1973 to 2017 and identified patients who had AKI (defined by AKI Network criteria) within 7 days of surgery.

Adaptations of paediatric cardiology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

During the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring and summer of 2020, paediatric heart centres were forced to rapidly alter the way patient care was provided to minimise interruption to patient care as well as exposure to the virus. In this survey-based descriptive study, we characterise changes that occurred within paediatric cardiology practices across the United States and described provider experience and attitudes towards these changes during the pandemic. Common changes that were implemented included decreased numbers of procedures, limiting visitors and shifting towards telemedicine encounters.

Sex Differences in Children and Young Adults With Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease in First Two Decades of Life.

Objective: To elucidate sex differences in valve morphology, disease phenotype, progression, and outcomes among children and young adults with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV).

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study examining all children and young adults (aged ≤22 years) with isolated BAV diagnosed, by excluding patients with concomitant congenital heart defects or genetic syndromes, from January 1, 1990, through December 1, 2016, at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.

Results: Of 1010 patients with BAV, 558 had isolated BAV.

Improving carvacrol bioaccessibility using core-shell carrier-systems under simulated gastrointestinal digestion.

The impact of encapsulating carvacrol in chitosan-albumin based core-shell nano-carriers (NCs) on its stability and bioaccessibility was determined under simulated digestion conditions. These NCs consisted of chitosan (C) core enclosed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) shell. The mean particle size ranged from 52.

Impact of albumin corona on mucoadhesion and antimicrobial activity of carvacrol loaded chitosan nano-delivery systems under simulated gastro-intestinal conditions.

Emerging antibiotic resistance in pathogens has posed considerable challenges to explore and examine the natural antimicrobials (NAMs). Due to the labile nature of NAMs, nano-delivery systems (NDS) are required to protect them from physiological degradation and allow controlled delivery to the targeted site of infection. In this study, corona modified NDS were developed using bovine serum albumin (BSA) on a chitosan core (CS) for sustained delivery of carvacrol (CAR), a natural antimicrobial agent, in the intestine.