Netrin-1-engineered endothelial cell exosomes induce the formation of pre-regenerative niche to accelerate peripheral nerve repair.

The formation of vascular niche is pivotal during the early stage of peripheral nerve regeneration. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of vascular niche in the regulation of peripheral nerve repair remain unclear. Netrin-1 (NTN1) was found up-regulated in nerve stump after peripheral nerve injury (PNI).