(Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a newly-recorded bamboo genus for China and Vietnam, with new taxa and a re-interpretation of flowering structures.

and are closely-related genera for which 'inflorescence' structures were incompletely understood and difficult to reconcile. After re-examining the inflorescence morphology, the so-called 'spikelets' of both genera as described should instead be recognised as pseudospikelets with mostly inactive axillary buds. The new bamboo taxa, comprising two varieties of a new species, are placed in , representing a new genus record for China and Vietnam.

Complex but Clear Allopolyploid Pattern of Subtribe Tussilagininae (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) Revealed by Robust Phylogenomic Evidence, with Development of a Novel Homeolog-Sorting Pipeline.

Polyploidy is a significant mechanism in eukaryotic evolution and is particularly prevalent in the plant kingdom. However, our knowledge about this phenomenon and its effects on evolution remains limited. A major obstacle to the study of polyploidy is the great difficulty in untangling the origins of allopolyploids.

A Novel Elucidation for Synflorescences of Chinese Bamboos.

The objective of this work is to elucidate the flowering structures of Chinese bamboos applying the synflorescence concept. To keep in line with grasses, the bamboo synflorescence is defined as a whole culm or a whole branch terminating in an inflorescence. For the first time, the repetitive and fundamental unit of bamboo synflorescences is clearly identified and termed as the "basic flowering branch".

Phylogenomic analyses reveal reticulate evolution between and (Poaceae: Bambusoideae).

and are closely related to bamboo genera. However, when considered with newly discovered and morphologically similar material from China and Vietnam, the phylogenetic relationship among these three groups was ambiguous in the analyses based on DNA regions. Here, as a means of investigating the relationships among the three bamboo groups and exploring potential sources of genomic conflicts, we present a phylogenomic examination based on the whole plastome, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and single-copy nuclear (SCN) gene datasets.

, a new bamboo genus to accommodate the morphologically unique species, (Poaceae).

was confirmed as polyphyletic by recent phylogenetic analyses, with Chinese species of distantly related to those from Japan. Among the Chinese species of , is a morphologically unique as well as taxonomically problematic species endemic to South China, of which the generic designation is still uncertain. Molecular analyses based on both plastid and nuclear genomic data demonstrated that this species is closest to the recently published genus .

 (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new combination supported by morphological and phylogenetic evidence.

The results of phylogenetic analysis, based on the whole chloroplast genome and morphological study support the transfer of a long ignored bamboo species, , to the recently established genus, , in this study. Morphologically, this species differs from all the other known species by having very short (2-3 mm) foliage leaf inner ligules, which is unusual in this genus. A revised description of its morphology and colour photos are also provided.

The identity of C.H.Hu (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Arundinarieae): evidence from morphology and molecular data.

was described in 1987 based on a cultivated plant at the bamboo garden of Sun Yat-sen University. This species has two or three branches at the upper nodes, which differ from the rest of species that have a single branch per node. During the field trip to Baishi Town, Yunfu City, Guangdong Province in July 2021, one bamboo species with oblong foliage leaves was collected and matches the isotype.

 (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new combination from Guangxi.

is transferred to the genus following a reassessment based on a new collection with pachymorph and long-necked rhizomes from its type locality in Guangxi, China. Morphologically, it is most similar to , but differs in culm, branch complement and foliage leaf characters. A revised description of its morphology and color photos are also provided.

The floral morphology of four Chinese species (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) previously described only from vegetative material.

Due to their specialised flowering biology where frequent or even annual flowering is uncommon, reproductive materials of bamboos are not always available, so hampering taxonomic interpretation and research into other aspects. , , and were established only based on vegetative materials and flowering or fruiting material has been hitherto unknown. The floral morphology of these four species is described for the first time and, correspondingly, epitypes are designated to support a more complete interpretation of the species.

 (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new combination supported by morphological and molecular evidence.

This study elucidates the taxonomic position of in considering whether it belongs to or . Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence, our results explicitly indicated that should be a member of , rather than , and is a distinct species closely related to , and . Thus, the new combination (B.

 (Melastomataceae), a new species from China.

A new species, , from China, is described and illustrated here based on morphological and molecular evidence. It is morphologically similar to in having erect stems, slightly oblique and membranous leaf blades, broadly ovate to suborbicular bracts, and oblong petals, but differs by the terete stems, densely puberulous petioles, and elliptic leaf blades. Our phylogenetic analyses based on plastid genome and nrITS data indicate that this new species is clustered with four species of Yunnan but placed far apart from .

Gelidocalamus fengkaiensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new bamboo species from Guangdong, China, with an analysis of branch development in relation to flowering.

Background: Bamboos, widely distributed in temperate and tropical Asia, Africa and America, refer to a group of special plants in Poaceae, Bambusoideae. China is rich in bamboo species. However, due to a long flowering cycle, the flowering habit and the flowering structure of many bamboo species are still not well understood.

(Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species from Dakrong Nature Reserve, Vietnam.

is a new species of woody bamboo from Dakrong Nature Reserve, Quang Tri Province, central Vietnam. It is closely related to but differs by its pseudospikelets having terminal rachilla segments with ciliate margin and 6 bracts; culm sheath with the base of the outer margin having a slight projection below its point of attachment at the node, as well as sheath blades usually less than half as long as the culm sheath proper; and leaf blades pale-puberulent and sparsely pilosulous on the abaxial surface. The new species is described and illustrated here.

, a new genus and species of temperate bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from central-southern Vietnam.

A new genus of Arundinarieae, , is established to accommodate a unique new bamboo species, , from central-southern Vietnam. The morphological features, habitats and distribution of and related genera, i.e.

Documentation of plant diversity of Southeast Asia: the new role of Belt and Road Initiative.

Editorial of special issue of plant diversity in southeastern Asia.

[Rapid identification of Dendrobium plants based on near infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy].

Near infrared diffuse reflection spectra of 15 species' 171 samples of Dendrobium combined with chemometrics statistical analysis were used to build prediction model, in order to discriminate different species of Dendrobium quickly and nondestructively. Hotelling T2 was applied to stability analysis of spectrum of 5 random drawing samples, and the results showed that the samples spectrum possessed good stability. Orthogonal test L24 (2 x 4 x 3 x 8) was designed to optimize optical path type, spectral band, derivative and smooth.