The value of a metabolic and immune-related gene signature and adjuvant therapeutic response in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by a dismal prognosis. Treatment outcomes exhibit substantial variability across patients, underscoring the urgent need for robust predictive models to effectively estimate survival probabilities and therapeutic responses in PDAC.

Methods: Metabolic and immune-related genes exhibiting differential expression were identified using the TCGA-PDAC and GTEx datasets.

Evaluating the impact of visceral fat on the outcomes of frozen embryo transfer via bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Objectives: The increasing prevalence of obesity underscores the need to explore its impact on assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the association between visceral fat area (VFA), measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and pregnancy outcomes following frozen embryo transfer (FET).

Methods: In this retrospective clinical study, the data of 1,510 patients who underwent FET between April 2022 and April 2023 were analyzed.

Effect of Drying Temperature on Sensory Quality, Flavor Components, and Bioactivity of Lichuan Black Tea Processed by Echa No. 10.

Lichuan black tea (LBT) is a well-known congou black tea in China, but there is relatively little research on its processing technology. Echa No. 10 is the main tea tree variety for producing LBT.

Enhancing lesion detection in automated breast ultrasound using unsupervised multi-view contrastive learning with 3D DETR.

The inherent variability of lesions poses challenges in leveraging AI in 3D automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) for lesion detection. Traditional methods based on single scans have fallen short compared to comprehensive evaluations by experienced sonologists using multiple scans. To address this, our study introduces an innovative approach combining the multi-view co-attention mechanism (MCAM) with unsupervised contrastive learning.

Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Organic Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Erectile Dysfunction.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder, and diabetic erectile dysfunction (DMED) is one of its common complications. The differentiation of the types of erectile dysfunction (ED) is fundamental to treatment, yet there is a lack of simple and efficacious tools for this purpose in clinical practice. In this study, we endeavor to predict ED types using commonly available clinical data from diabetic patients, aiming to develop and assess a risk prediction model for organic erectile dysfunction in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis leads to activation of inflammatory pathways.

Introduction: The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in influencing host health, through the production of metabolites and other key signalling molecules. While the impact of specific metabolites or taxa on host cells is well-documented, the broader impact of a disrupted microbiota on immune homeostasis is less understood, which is particularly important in the context of the increasing overuse of antibiotics.

Methods: Female C57BL/6 mice were gavaged twice daily for four weeks with Vancomycin, Polymyxin B, or PBS (control).

Identification of a binding site for small molecule inhibitors targeting human TRPM4.

Transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 4 (TRPM4) protein is a calcium-activated monovalent cation channel associated with various genetic and cardiovascular disorders. The anthranilic acid derivative NBA is a potent and specific TRPM4 inhibitor, but its binding site in TRPM4 has been unknown, although this information is crucial for drug development targeting TRPM4. We determine three cryo-EM structures of full-length human TRPM4 embedded in native lipid nanodiscs without inhibitor, bound to NBA, and an anthranilic acid derivative, IBA.

Left Insula and Right Middle Temporal Gyrus Dominate Cortical Network Discriminating Arousal-dependent Emotions.

Emotion processing is an integral part of everyone's life. The basic neural circuits involved in emotion perception are becoming clear, though the emotion's cognitive processing remains under investigation. Utilizing the stereo-electroencephalograph with high temporal-spatial resolution, this study aims to decipher the neural pathway responsible for discriminating low-arousal and high-arousal emotions.

CLP-Net: an advanced artificial intelligence technique for localizing standard planes of cleft lip and palate by three-dimensional ultrasound in the first trimester.

Background: Early diagnosis of cleft lip and palate (CLP) requires a multiplane examination, demanding high technical proficiency from radiologists. Therefore, this study aims to develop and validate the first artificial intelligence (AI)-based model (CLP-Net) for fully automated multi-plane localization in three-dimensional(3D) ultrasound during the first trimester.

Methods: This retrospective study included 418 (394 normal, 24 CLP) 3D ultrasound from 288 pregnant woman between July 2022 to October 2024 from Shenzhen Guangming District People's Hospital during the 11-13 weeks of pregnancy.

Polymerization of dietary fructans differentially affects interactions among intestinal microbiota of colitis mice.

The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining human health and can be modulated by dietary interventions and lifestyle choices. Fructans, a dietary carbohydrate, are selectively utilized by the intestinal microbiota to confer health benefits. However, the specific effects of different fructan types on microbial changes and functions remain incompletely understood.

The combination of RL-QN15 and OH-CATH30 promotes the repair of acne via the TLR2/NF-κB pathway.

Acne is a prevalent and chronic inflammatory skin disease, and its treatment remains a huge clinical challenge. In the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of combining the peptides RL-QN15 and OH-CATH30 for the treatment of acne in mice. Results indicated that the topical application of RL-QN15 and OH-CATH30 significantly inhibited the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes (P.

Genome-wide association study of sucrose content in vegetable soybean.

Background: Vegetable soybean is an important legume vegetable. High sucrose content is a significant quality characteristic of vegetable soybean that influences consumers' taste. However, the genetic basis of sucrose content in vegetable soybean is currently unclear.

Competency-based ultrasound curriculum for standardized training resident: a pre- and post-training evaluation.

Background: Ultrasound training is crucial for residents across specialties but presents challenges for residents that are not specializing in ultrasound. Investigating the effectiveness of competency-based ultrasound curricula for a wider range of medical specialties is imperative.

Methods: A total of 250 residents who attended the ultrasound curriculum between June 2023 and June 2024 were included in the analysis.

Survival analysis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on radiomics and deep learning features from CT images.

Purpose: To create a nomogram for accurate prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) based on computed tomography images.

Methods: Eight hundred twenty-two ccRCC patients with contrast-enhanced computed tomography images involved in this study were collected. A rectangular region of interest surrounding the tumor was used to extract quantitative radiomics and deep-learning features, which were filtered by Cox proportional hazard regression model and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Analysis of changes in flavor characteristics of congou black tea at different fermentation degrees under industrial production conditions using flavor compound weighted network co-expression method.

Fermentation is a key process in Congou black tea, but there is limited research on the changes in flavor factors and their interrelationships during different fermentation stages under industrial production. This study applies sensory evaluation and metabolomics techniques to explore the interactions between flavors. Sensory evaluation indicated that the 4-h fermented sample exhibited the best overall performance.

Encoding matching criteria for cross-domain deformable image registration.

Background: Most existing deep learning-based registration methods are trained on single-type images to address same-domain tasks, resulting in performance degradation when applied to new scenarios. Retraining a model for new scenarios requires extra time and data. Therefore, efficient and accurate solutions for cross-domain deformable registration are in demand.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Changes in Aroma- and Taste-Related Substances During the Withering Process of Black Tea.

Withering is one of the major processing steps critical for the quality of black tea. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the physicochemical changes in metabolites and gene expression during the withering process of black tea using metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches, respectively. Based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomic approaches (GC-MS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), a total of 76 volatile compounds and 160 non-volatile compounds were identified from tea leaves, respectively.

The past, present, and future of endoscopic management for biliary strictures: technological innovations and stent advancements.

Biliary stricture can be induced by intrinsic narrowing and extrinsic compression, with the majority of cases being malignant. Clinically, distinguishing between benign and malignant biliary strictures remains a considerable challenge, and the ongoing disagreement over the optimal choice of biliary stents significantly influences treatment strategies and impacts patients' survival and prognosis. The utilization and advancement of endoscopic techniques have heightened the diagnostic sensitivity for biliary strictures.

PED: A four-quadrant framework for progressive prompt enhancement in 3D interactive medical imaging segmentation.

Interactive segmentation allows active user participation to enhance output quality and resolve ambiguities. This may be especially indispensable to medical image segmentation to address complex anatomy and customization to varying user requirements. Existing approaches often encounter issues such as information dilution, limited adaptability to diverse user interactions, and insufficient response.

5'tiRNA-33-CysACA-1 promotes septic cardiomyopathy by targeting PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis.

Background: We revealed for the first time that the expression of 158 tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) was altered in septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) by microarray analysis, and we selected 5'tiRNA-33-CysACA-1, which was the most significantly up-regulated, as a representative to explore the roles and mechanisms of tsRNAs in SCM.

Methods: We constructed a sepsis model by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice and detected the expression of 5'tiRNA-33-CysACA-1 using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The supernatant generated after LPS stimulation of macrophages was used as the conditional medium (CM) to stimulate H9C2 and established the injured cell model.

Oxidation of tea polyphenols promotes chlorophyll degradation during black tea fermentation.

The color of black tea is directly affected by chlorophyll degradation during fermentation. In this study, the content of chlorophyll and its derivatives during fermentation was determined by HPLC, and chlorophyll a and b were shown to decrease significantly (44.23% and 24.

Tailored Enzymes for Difructose Anhydrides: From Biosynthesis to Degradation.

Difructose anhydrides (DFAs), distinctive cyclic disaccharides mainly naturally produced by heating (caramelization), serve as potential candidates of functional sugars that modern humans consume on a daily basis due to their remarkable physiological effects. This review explores the complex domain of specialized enzymes implicated in the metabolism of DFAs, covering the entire process from biosynthesis to degradation. We provide a detailed examination of the enzymes responsible for DFA formation and degradation, specifically those classified within the GH91, GH32, and GH172 glycoside hydrolase families.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 3-Amino-pyrazine-2-carboxamide Derivatives as Novel FGFR Inhibitors.

FGFR has been considered a crucial oncogenic driver and promising target for cancer therapy. Herein, we reported the design and synthesis of 3-amino--(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-methylpyrazine-2-carboxamide derivatives as novel FGFR inhibitors. SAR exploration led to the identification of as a pan-FGFR inhibitor with favorable activity against FGFR1-4.