The transcription factor GmbZIP131 enhances soybean salt tolerance by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis.

Detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accumulate under saline conditions is crucial for plant salt tolerance. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway functions upstream, while flavonoids act downstream, in ROS scavenging under salt stress. However, the potential crosstalk between the SOS pathway and flavonoids in regulating salt stress responses and the associated mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Precise Anchoring of Pb-Based Defects for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells: A Universal Strategy from Lab-Scale Small-Area Devices to Large-Area Modules.

Solution-processed perovskite solar cells (PSCs) generally suffer from serious Pb-based defects, and the issue becomes more pronounced during the upscaling process. A universal strategy that bridges small-area devices and large-area modules is imperative for advancing PSC technology from the lab toward market readiness. Here, to effectively address the Pb-based defect proliferation issues of perovskite surfaces, an ,-maleoyl-glycine (NMG) post-treatment anchoring strategy was proposed.

Realizing a Robust High-Performance Ni-GDC Nanocomposite Anode for SOFCs by Self-Assembly of Reactive Cosputtered Nanolayers.

This study reports a fast and scalable route for fabricating efficient and durable SOFCs, leveraging nickel oxide-gadolinium-doped ceria (NiO-GDC) nanocomposites and thin-film electrolytes based on reactive sputtering. The Ni and GdCe targets are first cosputtered to form films with a stack-layered structure of metallic Ni and GDC, followed by sputtering YZr and GdCe targets alternatively to make multilayer electrolytes. By annealing the sputtered anode-electrolyte assembly with the LaSrCoFeO cathode in a single step at 1000 °C, full cells feature heterostructure ceramic multilayers; NiO-GDC nanocomposites with heterointerfaces are constructed, while the multilayer electrolytes are fully dense.

Tuning Room-Temperature Injectability of Gelatin-Based Hydrogels via Introduction of Competitive Hydrogen Bonds.

As a natural biomaterial with a superior comprehensive performance, gelatin has been widely explored in various biomedical and bioengineering applications. However, the ease of solidification of gelatin solutions at room temperature causes great inconvenience in specific application scenarios where injection is required. Here we addressed this problem by introduction of competitive hydrogen bond (CHB)-containing substances to gelatin to interfere with the original intergelatin hydrogen bonds.

Preparation of recombinant myoglobin and investigation of the liquid antigen stability for quality control materials.

Myoglobin (Mb) has been used as a biomarker for acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to evaluate the stability of liquid Mb as quality control materials for Mb determination. Mb protein was expressed in system and purified using Ni chelate affinity chromatography.

Efficacy of cystectomy in single-site oligometastatic bladder cancer: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) study of 1,381 patients.

Background: The treatment paradigm of metastatic bladder cancer has remained largely unchanged for decades and the prognosis is extremely poor. This study aimed to evaluate the role of cystectomy in patients with single-site oligometastatic bladder cancer.

Methods: Patients with single-site distant metastasis at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis from 2010-2017 were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Rapid restoration of potent neutralization activity against the latest Omicron variant JN.1 via AI rational design and antibody engineering.

The rapid evolution of the viral genome has led to the continual generation of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Developing antibody drugs with broad-spectrum and high efficiency is a long-term task. It is promising but challenging to develop therapeutic neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) through in vitro evolution based on antigen-antibody binding interactions.

Characterizing brain network alterations in cervical spondylotic myelopathy using static and dynamic functional network connectivity and machine learning.

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a debilitating condition that affects the cervical spine, leading to neurological impairments. While the neural mechanisms underlying CSM remain poorly understood, changes in brain network connectivity, particularly within the context of static and dynamic functional network connectivity (sFNC and dFNC), may provide valuable insights into disease pathophysiology. This study investigates brain-wide connectivity alterations in CSM patients using both sFNC and dFNC, combined with machine learning approaches, to explore their potential as biomarkers for disease classification and progression.

Analysis and Validation of a Diagnostic Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Acute Respiratory Failure for Non-HIV Related Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia Patients.

Objective: Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP), primarily affecting individuals with weakened immune systems, is a severe respiratory infection caused by pneumocystis jirovecii and can lead to acute respiratory failure (ARF). In this article, we explore the risk factors of ARF and propose a prognostic model of ARF for PCP patients.

Methods: In this multi-center, retrospective study in 6 secondary or tertiary academic hospitals in China, 120 PCP patients were screened from the Dryad database for the development of a predictive model.

In Situ Self-Assembled 200 nm-Depth Highly Active Layer Non-Precious Metals Catalyst for Industrial Water Electrolysis.

Nickel-based electrocatalysts are promising for industrial water electrolysis, but the dense hydroxyl oxide layer formed during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limits active sites accessibility and presents challenges in balancing structural stability with effective charge transfer. Based on this, an efficient in situ leaching strategy is proposed to construct grain boundary-rich catalyst structure with high charge transfer ability and a deep catalytic active layer reached >200-nm. Under OER conditions, stable sub-nano NiAl particles are embedded in Ni(Fe)OOH, originating from leaching out the unstable NiAl phase of the initial NiAl/NiAl alloy doped with Fe.

The diagnostic value of hydroxyproline combined with tuberculosis infection T lymphocyte spot assay in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which has long threatened human health, and new molecular diagnostic markers for its diagnosis are urgently needed. The study was designed to analyze the expression of hydroxyproline (HYP) in different specimens of pulmonary TB (PTB) and assess its auxiliary diagnostic value alone or in combination with the TB infection T lymphocyte spot assay (TSPOT.TB).

Integrated analysis reveals prognostic correlation and immune characteristics of a tumor-associated macrophage-based risk signature in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages play a critical role in the progression and immune response of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our study aimed to explore the characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in TNBC, construct a risk signature associated with TAM clusters, and verify its relationship with prognosis and immune-related characteristics.

Methods: Firstly, we identified four TAM clusters and determined prognosis-related clusters in TNBC based on the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data.

[Activation of ALDH2 alleviates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in mice by upregulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway].

Objective: To investigate whether activation of mitochondrial acetal dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) alleviates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by regulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Methods: Thirty 8-week-old C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into control, hypoxia, and hypoxia +Alda-1 (an ALDH2 activator) group (=10), and the mice in the latter two groups, along with 10 ALDH2 knockout (ALDH2) mice, were exposed to hypoxia (10% O, 90% N) with or without daily intraperitoneal injection of Alda-1 for 4 weeks. The changes in right ventricular function and pressure (RVSP) of the mice were evaluated by echocardiography and right ventricular catheter test, and pulmonary artery pressure was estimated based on RVSP.

Square-wave pulsed potential driven electrocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol using Fe-Ni/rGO/PPy@NF three dimensional electrode.

To develop an energy-efficient system for the removal of chlorinated organic pollutants, Fe-Ni/reduced graphite oxide/polymerized polypyrrole@nickel foam was constructed as a catalytic cathode for pulsed electrocatalytic degradation, where cathode-catalyzed production of hydrogen radicals (H*) and hydroxyl radical (·OH) generated at the anode led to dechlorination of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), and dechlorination products were mineralized and degraded under the action of·OH. When energy was continuously supplied to the reaction system in the constant potential mode, the 4-CP concentration near the electrode was insufficient, limiting the reaction rate. Conversely, in the square-wave pulsed potential mode, mass transfer limitations were mitigated, significantly enhancing reaction efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

Enhancing Crop Resilience: Insights from Labdane-Related Diterpenoid Phytoalexin Research in Rice ( L.).

Rice ( L.), as one of the most significant food crops worldwide, holds paramount importance for global food security. Throughout its extensive evolutionary journey, rice has evolved a diverse array of defense mechanisms to fend off pest and disease infestations.

Surface Property Regulation of a Magnetron-Sputtered NiO Hole Transport Layer for High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

The inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining increasing attention recently for their unprecedented advantages, such as better integration with tandem and flexible designs, negligible hysteresis, good operational stability, and compatibility with commercially scalable fabrication approaches. Nickel oxide (NiOx) films prepared by magnetron sputtering technology exhibit excellent scalability and reproducibility, which could well meet the requirements of the large-scale production of inverted PSCs. However, NiOx prepared by vacuum methods generally has fewer surface hydroxyl groups, deteriorating the wettability and damaging the interface contact with the perovskite.

Adsorptive Shield Derived Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Formation with Impregnation on LiNiMnCoO Cathode: A Mechanism-Guiding-Experiment Study.

Lithium difluoro(oxalate) borate (LiDFOB) contributes actively to cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) formation, particularly safeguarding high-voltage cathode materials. However, LiNiCoMnO-based batteries benefit from the LiDFOB and its derived CEI only with appropriate electrolyte design while a comprehensive understanding of the underlying interfacial mechanisms remains limited, which makes the rational design challenging. By performing ab initio calculations, the CEI evolution on the LiNiCoMnO has been investigated.

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Carbon Dots with Intrinsic Photochromism and In Situ Radical Afterglow.

The combination of advanced photoluminescence characteristics to photochromism is highly attractive in preparing high-performance multifunctional photo-responsive materials for optoelectronic applications. However, this is rather challenging in material design owing to the limited mechanism understanding and construction principles. Here, an effective strategy to integrate photochromism and afterglow emission in carbon dots (CDs) is proposed through embedding naphthaleneimide (NI) structure in CDs followed by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) encapsulation.

Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity in Acute Incomplete Cervical Cord Injury Patients and Its Associations With Sensorimotor Dysfunction Measures.

Background: Dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) captures temporal variations in functional connectivity during magnetic resonance imaging acquisition. However, the neural mechanisms driving dFNC alterations in the brain networks of patients with acute incomplete cervical cord injury (AICCI) remain unclear.

Methods: This study included 16 AICCI patients and 16 healthy controls.

Layer-by-Layer Assembled Graphene Oxide on Carbon Fiber toward Phosphate Bonded Coatings with Excellent Interfacial Bond and Tribological Performance.

To enhance the interfacial property, carbon fiber (CF) was modified with graphene oxide (GO) using a layer-by-layer self-assembly method and subsequently incorporated into phosphate bonded coatings as a reinforcement. CF modified with GO (CF-GO) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Additionally, the tribological behavior of phosphate bonded coatings with CF-GO was investigated.

Prediction of Human Microbe-Drug Association based on Layer Attention Graph Convolutional Network.

Unlabelled: Human microbes are closely associated with a variety of complex diseases and have emerged as drug targets. Identification of microbe-related drugs is becoming a key issue in drug development and precision medicine. It can also provide guidance for solving the increasingly serious problem of drug resistance enhancement in viruses.

A Supramolecular Fluorescent Sensor Array Composed of Conjugated Fluorophores and Cucurbit[7]uril for Bacterial Recognition.

Bacterial infections have emerged as a significant contributor to global mortality and morbidity rates. Herein, we introduce a dual fluorescence "turn-on" supramolecular sensor array composed of three assembled complexes (-), formed from three positively charged fluorophores (-) and one cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]). The ability of this three-element array to simultaneously recognize 10 bacterial species within just 30 s was remarkable, boasting an impressive 100% accuracy.