Characterizing the Phan Rang Sheep: A First Look at the Y Chromosome, Mitochondrial DNA, and Morphometrics.

The Phan Rang sheep, considered the sole indigenous breed of Vietnam, are primarily concentrated in the two central provinces of Ninh Thuan and Binh Thuan, with Ninh Thuan accounting for more than 90% of the country's sheep population. These provinces are known for their high temperatures and frequent droughts. The long-standing presence of the Phan Rang sheep in these regions suggests their potential resilience to heat stress-a trait of increasing interest in the face of global climate change.

Partitioning recombinant chitinase from Nicotiana benthamiana by an aqueous two-phase system based on polyethylene glycol and phosphate salts.

The objectives of this study were to purify 42 kDa chitinase derived from Trichoderma asperellum SH16 produced in Nicotiana benthamiana by a polyethylene glycol (PEG)/salt aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The specific activities of the crude chitinase and the partially purified chitinase from N. benthamiana were about 251 unit/mg and 386 unit/mg, respectively.

Bioproduction of eriodictyol by Escherichia coli engineered co-culture.

Eriodictyol (ED) is a flavonoid in the flavanones subclass. It is abundantly present in a wide range of medicinal plants, citrus fruits, and vegetables. In addition, ED owns numerous importantly medicinal bioactivities such as inhibition of proliferation, metastasis and induction of apoptosis in glioma cells or inhibition of glioblastoma migration, and invasion.

Antagonistic Activity Against Pathogenic Isolates of Bioflocculant-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Shrimp Ponds.

<b>Background and Objectives:</b> Biofloc culture system has been used in aquaculture as an effective technology for water treatment due to many advantages of being biodegradable and environmentally friendly. This study aims to isolate bioflocculant-producing bacteria antagonistic to pathogenic <i>Vibrio</i> species from Pacific white shrimp ponds in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> <i>Vibrio</i> isolates were isolated by screening on medium with and without antibiotics.

De novo whole-genome assembly and discovery of genes involved in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis of Vietnamese ginseng ( Ha Grushv.).

Unlabelled: Vietnamese ginseng ( Ha Grushv.), also known as Ngoc Linh ginseng, is a high-value herb in Vietnam. Vietnamese ginseng has been proven to be effective in enhancing the immune system, human memory, anti-stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and prevent aging.

Expression of 42 kDa chitinase of Trichoderma asperellum (Ta-CHI42) from a synthetic gene in Escherichia coli.

Chitinases are enzymes that catalyze the degradation of chitin, a major component of the cell walls of pathogenic fungi and cuticles of insects, gaining increasing attention for the control of fungal pathogens and insect pests. Production of recombinant chitinase in a suitable host can result in a more pure product with less processing time and a significantly larger yield than that produced by native microorganisms. The present study aimed to express the synthetic chi42 gene (syncodChi42), which was optimized from the chi42 gene of Trichoderma asperellum SH16, in Escherichia coli to produce 42 kDa chitinase (Ta-CHI42); then determined the activity of this enzyme, characterizations and in vitro antifungal activity as well as its immunogenicity in mice.

Characterisation and antifungal activity of extracellular chitinase from a biocontrol fungus, PQ34.

species were known as biological control agents against phytopathogenic fungi because they produce a variety of chitinases. Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that break down glycosidic bonds in chitin, a major component of the cell walls of fungi. The present study shows that extracellular chitinase activity reached a maximum value of approximately 22 U/mL after 96 h of PQ34 strain culture.

Isolation and Characterization of Genes Responsible for Naphthalene Degradation from Thermophilic Naphthalene Degrader, sp. JF8.

Geobacillus sp. JF8 is a thermophilic biphenyl and naphthalene degrader. To identify the naphthalene degradation genes, cis-naphthalene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase was purified from naphthalene-grown cells, and its N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined.

Cloning, expression and characterization of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from Burkholderia cepacia.

The present study reports on the cloning, expression and characterization of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (CAT) of bacterial strains isolated from dioxin-contaminated soils in Vietnam. Two isolated bacterial strains DF2 and DF4 were identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on their 16S rRNA sequences. Their genes coding CAT was amplified with a specific pair of primers.

Isolation and characterization of a moderate thermophilic Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans strain 4B1 capable of degrading dibenzofuran from dioxin-contaminated soil in Vietnam.

A moderate thermophilic dibenzofuran (DF) degrader, strain 4B1, was isolated from dioxin-contaminated soil in Vietnam under thermophilic condition. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis assigned the strain to genus Paenibacillus. The optimum growth temperature of strain 4B1 was 45°C with a doubling time of 2.

Identification and Characterization of Genes in the Curcuminoid Pathway of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe.

Background: Curcuminoid genes have an important role in the biosynthesis of curcumin, a valuable bioactive compound, in Curcuma species. However, there have not been any reports of these genes in Curcuma zedoaria.

Objective: The present work reports on the isolation of genes encoding enzymes in curcuminoid metabolic pathway and their expression in C.

Production of eurycomanone from cell suspension culture of Eurycoma longifolia.

Context: Eurycomanone is found in the Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) tree, exhibits significant antimalarial activity, improves spermatogenesis, suppresses expression of lung cancer cell tumour markers and regulates signalling pathways involved in proliferation, cell death and inflammation.

Objectives: Establishment of cell suspension culture of E. longifolia to determine the eurycomanone accumulation during cultures.

Effect of salicylic acid on expression level of genes related with isoprenoid pathway in centella (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) cells.

In this study, we report the expression level of CaSQS, CabAS and CaCYS, the genes involved in phytosterol and triterpene metabolic pathway of centella (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban), in cells elicited with salicylic acid (50-200 µM). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Northern blot analysis indicated CaSQS, CabAS, and CaCYS genes expressed in both the wild-type and cultured cells (with and without elicitation).

Characterization of a novel manganese dependent endoglucanase belongs in GH family 5 from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

The cDNA encoding a putative glycoside hydrolase family 5, which has been predicted to be an endoglucanase (PcEg5A), was cloned from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and expressed in Pichia pastoris. PcEg5A contains a carbohydrate-binding domain and two important amino acids, E209 and E319, playing as proton donor and nucleophile in substrate catalytic domain. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the recombinant endoglucanase 5A (rPcEg5A) has a molecular size of 43 kDa which corresponds with the theoretical calculation.

Cloning and Expression of Genes Encoding F107-C and K88-1NT Fimbrial Proteins of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Piglets.

We cloned two genes coding F107-C and K88-1NT fimbrial subunits from strains E. coli C and 1NT isolated from Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. The mature peptide of faeG gene from strain E.

Production of asiaticoside from centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) cells in bioreactor.

Objective: To investigate the effects of some culture conditions on production of asiaticoside from centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) cells cultured in 5-L bioreactor.

Methods: The centell cell suspension culture was conducted in 5-L bioreactor to investigate the growth and asiaticoside accumulation under various conditions.

Trichoderma asperellumChi42 Genes Encode Chitinase.

Four Trichoderma strains (CH2, SH16, PQ34, and TN42) were isolated from soil samples collected from Quang Tri and Thua Thien Hue provinces in Vietnam. The strains exhibited high chitinolytic secretion. Strain PQ34 formed the largest zone of chitinase-mediated clearance (> 4 cm in diameter) in agar containing 1% (w/v) colloidal chitin.

Tissue culture and expression of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit in transgenic Peperomia pellucida.

The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB), a non-toxic molecule with potent biological properties, is a powerful mucosal and parenteral adjuvant that induces a strong immune response against co-administered or coupled antigens. We synthesized a gene encoding the LTB adapted to the optimized coding sequences in plants and fused to the endoplasmic reticulum retention signal SEKDEL to enhance its expression level and protein assembly in plants. The synthetic LTB gene was located into a plant expression vector under the control of CaMV 35S promoter and was introduced into Peperomia pellucida by biolistic transformation method.

Isolation and characterization of antioxidation enzymes from cells of zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe) cultured in a 5-l bioreactor.

In this study, a cell suspension culture system for zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe) was developed, using 50 g/l of fresh weight inoculum in a batch culture. The highest cell biomass obtained from a 5-l bioreactor equipped with three impellers after 14 days of culture was utilized to extract secondary metabolites (essential oil and curcumin) and determine the activities of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase). For essential oil and curcumin, zedoary extracts were recovered via a variety of methods: steam distillation, volatile solvents, and Soxhlet.

Expression of the B subunit of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin in the chloroplasts of plants and its characterization.

Transgenic chloroplasts have become attractive systems for heterologous gene expressions because of unique advantages. Here, we report a feasibility study for producing the nontoxic B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) via chloroplast transformation of tobacco. Stable site-specific integration of the LTB gene into chloroplast genome was confirmed by PCR and genomic Southern blot analysis in transformed plants.

Comparing constitutive promoters using CAT activity in transgenic tobacco plants.

The effectiveness of different promoters for use in transgenic tobacco was compared using a reporter gene expressing chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT). Plasmids with CAT gene controlled by cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV 35S), rice actin1 (Ract1) and tobacco polyubiquitin (Tubi.u4) promoters were delivered into tobacco plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.

Herbicide resistance of tobacco chloroplasts expressing the bar gene.

The chloroplast transformation system has the potential advantages of maternal inheritance and high-level expression of heterologous genes. We studied the expression of the bar gene in tobacco chloroplasts to test these ideas. The bar gene conferring tolerance to the herbicide phosphinothricin (PPT) encodes phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT).