Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Lysimachia laxa led to the isolation of four new oleanane-type saponins, lysimosides A-D (1-4) and one known compound, lysimachigenoside B (5). Their structures were elucidated using a combination of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D-NMR spectral data, chemical methods, and comparison with previous literature. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds was evaluated against human lung cancer (A-549) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA better understanding of cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephro- and hepatotoxicity at the molecular level is necessary for safe and effective use. Utilizing a sophisticated study design, this study explored metabolic alterations after long-term CsA treatment in vivo. Rats were exposed to CsA with 4, 10, and 25 mg/kg for 4 weeks and then sacrificed to obtain liver, kidney, urine, and serum for untargeted metabolomics analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study isolated pure compounds from Canna edulis aerial parts and assessed their antiplatelet and anticoagulant potential. Structural elucidation resulted in the identification of two new compounds: caneduloside A (1) and caneduloside B (2), and eleven known compounds: 6'-acetyl-3,6,2'-tri-p-coumaroyl sucrose (3), 6'-acetyl-3,6,2'-triferuloyl sucrose (4), tiliroside (5), afzelin (6), quercitrin (7), 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (8), cinnamic acid (9), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (10), dehydrovomifoliol (11), 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (12), and (S)-(-)-rosmarinic acid (13). Compounds 3, 4, 6-9, 13 were previously reported for antithrombotic properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpanding upon the well-established Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model, the T-S fuzzy descriptor model emerges as a robust and flexible framework. This article introduces the development of optimal and robust-optimal controllers grounded in the principles of stability control and fuzzy descriptor systems. By transforming complicated inequalities into linear matrix inequalities (LMI), we establish the essential conditions for controller construction, as delineated in theorems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present retrospective study aimed to investigate the diagnostic capacity of and design a diagnostic algorithm for dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI (DSCE-MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) in grading low-grade glioma (LGG) and high-grade glioma (HGG). This retrospective study enrolled 57 patients, of which 14 had LGG and 43 had HGG, five had World Health Organization grade 1, nine had grade 2, 20 had grade 3 and 23 had grade 4 glioma. All subjects underwent a standard 3T MRI brain tumor protocol with conventional MRI (cMRI) and advanced techniques, including DSCE-MRI and H-MRS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: CYP3A5 polymorphisms have been associated with variations in the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus (Tac) in kidney transplant patients. Our study aims to quantify how the CYP3A5 genotype influences tacrolimus trough concentrations (C) in a Vietnamese outpatient population by selecting an appropriate population pharmacokinetic model of Tac for our patients.
Patients And Methods: The external dataset was obtained prospectively from 54 data of adult kidney transplant recipients treated at the 103 Military Hospital.
BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza poses a significant global health concern. Despite the proven effectiveness of the influenza vaccine, its uptake remains low in Vietnam. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students and healthcare workers on influenza vaccine uptake in northern Vietnam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the risks and benefits of using traditional medicinal plants is of utmost importance for a huge fraction of the human population, in particular in Northern Vietnam. Zebrafish are increasingly used as a simple vertebrate model for testing toxic and physiological effects of compounds, especially on development. Here, we tested 12 ethanolic extracts from popular medicinal plants collected in northern Vietnam for their effects on zebrafish survival and development during the first 4 days after fertilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFL. has been traditionally used to treat various diseases. Based on previously reported antithrombotic effect for this plant, two new phenylpropanoid sucrose esters (canindicoside A () and canindicoside B ()) and seven known compounds: nepetoidin B (, caffeic acid (), ferulic acid (), (-(+)-rosmarinic acid (), isorinic acid (), (-(-)-rosmarinic acid () and ()-(-)-rosmarinic acid methyl ester () were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is a versatile approach widely used in system control, often in combination with other strategies. This paper addresses key control challenges linked to the T-S system and presents important considerations to ensure its successful application using the Lyapunov theorem. One crucial aspect is determining the optimal number of premise variables and selecting accurate fuzzy rules for the T-S model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPretomanid (PA-824), a novel anti-tuberculosis (TB) nitroimidazoxazine, has been approved for multi-drug-resistant TB treatment for a few years. Pretomanid has been demonstrated to be highly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis when combined with other anti-TB drugs. This review provides an update of the current knowledge on the modes of action, resistance mechanisms, emergence of drug resistance, and status of antimicrobial susceptibility testing for pretomanid and its relevance for clinical practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tacrolimus trough levels (C) are used in most transplant centres for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of tacrolimus (Tac). The target range of Tac C has been remarkably changed, with a target as low as 3-7 ng/ml in the 2009 European consensus conference and a target of 4-12 ng/ml (preferably to 7-12 ng/ml) following the second consensus report in 2019. Our aim was to investigate whether reaching early Tac therapeutic targets and maintaining time in the therapeutic range (TTR) according to the new recommendations may be necessary for preventing acute rejection (AR) during the first month after transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) disorder that results from defects in the respiratory burst activity in phagocytes, leading to the inability to kill bacterial and fungal microorganisms. CGD patients usually have a high incidence of morbidity such as infections and autoinflammatory diseases and a high mortality rate. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only definitive cure for patients who suffer from CGD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to assess the predictive value of preoperative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data for surgical outcomes of patients with supratentorial glioma in the motor function area.
Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of 43 patients receiving navigation-guided surgery for histopathologically demonstrated supratentorial glioma in the motor function area. All patients underwent preoperative 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging examinations with conventional and DTI sequences.
The mechanism of indomethacin toxicity at the systemic level is largely unknown. In this study, multi-specimen molecular characterization was conducted in rats treated with three doses of indomethacin (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) for 1 week.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To achieve the therapeutic effects, antibiotics must penetrate rapidly into infection sites and bind to targets. This study reviewed updated knowledge on the ability of antibiotics to penetrate into the lung, their physicochemical properties influencing the pulmonary penetration and their ability to bind to targets on pneumococci.
Methods: A search strategy was developed using PubMED, Web of Science, and ChEMBL.
Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are very diverse and characterized by ethnicity. To date, information about the frequencies and distributions of HLA alleles among the Vietnamese population is still limited. In this study, HLA-DQB1 alleles of 2076 cord blood units from individuals belonging to Vietnam's Kinh ethnic people were genotyped using Luminex-based polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific oligonucleotide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper uses Vietnam - where overexploitation of wildlife resources is a major threat to biodiversity conservation - as a case study to examine how government officials perceive the impacts of COVID-19 on wildlife farming, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented for sustainable wildlife management. Findings show Vietnamese government officials perceive COVID-19 to have had mixed impacts on wildlife conservation policies and practice. While the pandemic strengthened the legal framework on wildlife conservation, implementation and outcomes have been poor, as existing policies are unclear, contradictory, and poorly enforced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe frequencies and diversities of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and haplotypes are representative of ethnicities. Matching HLA alleles is essential for many clinical applications, including blood transfusion, stem cell transplantation, and tissue/organ transplantation. To date, the information about the frequencies and distributions of HLA alleles and haplotypes among the Kinh Vietnamese population is limited because of the small sample size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) due to genetic defects in the NADPH oxidase of phagocytes. Affected patients become susceptible to infections such as pneumonia, diarrhea, and skin ulcer types. The patients require life-long treatment with prophylactic antibiotics, antifungals, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a rare and life-threatening disease of the skin and mucosal surfaces. Although gastrointestinal manifestations in adults are potential prognostic factors for disease severity, there are limited data on such cases and their standard management in the pediatric population.
Case Presentation: We herein report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a 1-year history of epilepsy, who presented with bilateral conjunctivitis and progressively widespread bullous, and pruritic eruption based on erythematous skin after administration of carbamazepine.
5--Methylnorbergenin (), a natural compound isolated from , is a compound with potential antioxidant activity based on its chemical structure; however, this activity has not been investigated thus far. In this study, the antioxidant activity of was evaluated by experimental and computational methods. exhibited high activity in DPPH (IC = 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGliosarcoma (GS) is an uncommon central nervous system tumor with several characteristics of a malignant neoplasm and poor prognosis. The majority of GS reports describe a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, and cases of intraventricular GS are extremely rare, with only a few reported. In addition, intraventricular GS has not been associated with any unique radiographic or clinical features, which can result in misdiagnosis as other intraventricular tumor types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe X-linked hyper IgM syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) due to mutations in the CD40LG gene. Hyper IgM syndrome is characterized by the absence or decreased levels of IgG and IgA and normal or elevated IgM levels in serum. Affected patients become susceptible to infections such as pneumonia, diarrhea, and skin ulcer types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSamwirin A (), a natural compound isolated from or , is known to exhibit potent antiosteoporosis activity and promote cell proliferation in rat osteoblast-like UMR 106 cells. Antiosteoporosis activity suggests that the compound must also exhibit antioxidant activity but this has not been studied thus far. In the present study, the antioxidant activity of was examined by experimental and computational studies.
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