Efficient Genome Editing with Chimeric Oligonucleotide-Directed Editing.

Prime editing has emerged as a precise and powerful genome editing tool, offering a favorable gene editing profile compared to other Cas9-based approaches. Here we report new nCas9-DNA polymerase fusion proteins to create chimeric oligonucleotide-directed editing (CODE) systems for search-and-replace genome editing. Through successive rounds of engineering, we developed CODEMax and CODEMax(exo+) editors that achieve efficient genome modifications in human cells with low unintended edits.

Practical aspects of oral immunotherapy: The importance of optimal office design and workflow.

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is an emerging treatment, but it is more than products and protocols. Office setup, including spacing, staffing, and logistics, is critical to assess to fully implement OIT into clinical practice. To provide insights into what needs to be considered in setting up an office to practically implement OIT into clinical practice.

A Surgical Skills Rotation for Mid-Level Residents.

Introduction: The University of Iowa orthopaedic residency previously designed a month-long surgical skill rotation for postgraduate year (PGY)-1 residents. This successful initiative has become a model of interest for other teaching institutions. In addition to the intern year, an important phase in residency occurs during the transition from PGY2 to PGY3, when residents assume greater responsibility and autonomy in leading surgical procedures.

Endogenous retroviruses mediate transcriptional rewiring in response to oncogenic signaling in colorectal cancer.

Cancer cells exhibit rewired transcriptional regulatory networks that promote tumor growth and survival. However, the mechanisms underlying the formation of these pathological networks remain poorly understood. Through a pan-cancer epigenomic analysis, we found that primate-specific endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are a rich source of enhancers displaying cancer-specific activity.

Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective -Hydroboration of 1,3-Enynes: Copper-Catalyzed Access to ()- and ()-2-Boryl-1,3-dienes.

A copper-catalyzed alkyne-selective hydroboration of 1,3-enynes is disclosed, providing access to the previously elusive 2-boryl-1,3-dienes. Using CuOAc, Xantphos, and HBpin, Bpin was installed on the internal carbon of a series of symmetric and nonsymmetric 1,3-enynes, affording products with excellent : selectivity. The utility of the 2-boryl-1,3-diene products was demonstrated by transformation to useful functional groups.

Associations of COVID-19-related fear with kidney disease quality of life and its subscales among hemodialysis patients as modified by health literacy: a multi-hospital survey.

Background: Receiving hemodialysis treatment makes end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients highly vulnerable amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, their kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL) is affected. We aimed to examine the association between fear of COVID-19 (FCoV-19) and KDQOL, and the effect modification of Health literacy (HL) on this association.

Sulfur-Promoted Access to 3-Arylquinoxalin-2-ones by Oxidative Coupling of -Phenylenediamines with Arylacetates.

We disclose the synthesis of 3-arylquinoxalin-2-ones from -phenylenediamines and readily available arylacetates. The method harnesses the selective oxidative property of elemental sulfur in the presence of amine base catalyst and DMSO. The reactions are operationally simple and tolerate a wide range of functional groups.

Unraveling the synergism mechanistic insight of O-vacancy and interfacial charge transfer in WO decorated on AgCO/BiOBr for photocatalysis of water pollutants: Based on experimental and density functional theory (DFT) studies.

Photocatalysis has been widely used as one of the most promising approaches to remove various pollutants in liquid or gas phases during the last decade. The main emphasis of the study is on the synergy of vacancy engineering and heterojunction formation, two widely used modifying approaches, to significantly alter photocatalytic performance. The vacancy-induced AgCO/BiOBr/WO heterojunction system has been fabricated using a co-precipitation technique to efficiently abate methylene blue (MB) dye and doxycycline (DC) antibiotic.

Temporal Trends in Tobacco Smoking Prevalence During the Period 2010-2020 in Vietnam: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.

This study used repeated cross-sectional data from three national surveys in Vietnam to determine tobacco smoking prevalence from 2010 to 2020 and disparities among demographic and socioeconomic groups. Tobacco smoking temporal trends were estimated for individuals aged 15 and over and stratified by demographic and socioeconomic status (SES). Prevalence estimates used survey weights and 95% confidence intervals.

Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Risk of Cancer Mortality.

Importance: There has been an increasing trend of using noncigarette products, including waterpipe tobacco (WTP), worldwide. While cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for numerous cancers, little is known about the association between WTP smoking and cancer mortality.

Objective: To assess the association between WTP smoking and risk of cancer mortality in Vietnam.

Undibacterium cyanobacteriorum sp. nov., an auxin-producing bacterium isolated from fresh water during cyanobacterial bloom period.

A novel Gram-negative, white-pigmented, and auxin-producing strain, 20NA77.5, was isolated from fresh water during cyanobacterial bloom period. Pairwise comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 20NA77.

Tumor-Intrinsic Activity of Chromobox 2 Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment in High-grade Serous Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Chromobox 2 (CBX2), an epigenetic reader and component of polycomb repressor complex 1, is highly expressed in >75% of high-grade serous carcinoma. Increased CBX2 expression is associated with poorer survival, whereas CBX2 knockdown leads to improved chemotherapy sensitivity. In a high-grade serous carcinoma immune-competent murine model, knockdown of CBX2 decreased tumor progression.

Measurement of Atmospheric Mercury: Current Limitations and Suggestions for Paths Forward.

Mercury (Hg) researchers have made progress in understanding atmospheric Hg, especially with respect to oxidized Hg (Hg) that can represent 2 to 20% of Hg in the atmosphere. Knowledge developed over the past ∼10 years has pointed to existing challenges with current methods for measuring atmospheric Hg concentrations and the chemical composition of Hg compounds. Because of these challenges, atmospheric Hg experts met to discuss limitations of current methods and paths to overcome them considering ongoing research.

Intestinal Blastocystis is linked to healthier diets and more favorable cardiometabolic outcomes in 56,989 individuals from 32 countries.

Diet impacts human health, influencing body adiposity and the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. The gut microbiome is a key player in the diet-health axis, but while its bacterial fraction is widely studied, the role of micro-eukaryotes, including Blastocystis, is underexplored. We performed a global-scale analysis on 56,989 metagenomes and showed that human Blastocystis exhibits distinct prevalence patterns linked to geography, lifestyle, and dietary habits.

Arthroscopic debridement and antibiotic-loaded cement for treatment of chronic infected tibial tunnel post-ACL reconstruction: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Chronic extra-articular infections of the tibial tunnel are rare, and there are only a few cases reported in the literature, so the diagnosis and management of these infections are still unclear.

Case Presentation: We report a 36-year-old patient with chronic infection of the tibial tunnel after ACL reconstruction surgery. The patient was treated with arthroscopic debridement of the tibial tunnel and antibiotic cement filling.

Thiazide Discontinuation in Chronic Kidney Disease Hypertension Management: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Introduction: Thiazides are utilized in general hypertension management, however, their role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) hypertension management remains unclear. Although data support thiazide efficacy in advanced CKD, the adverse effect profile (including estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] decline and electrolyte abnormalities) may lead to thiazide discontinuation. The authors assessed the thiazide discontinuation rate in Kaiser Permanente Southern California members with moderate-to-severe CKD and hypertension.

Ultraprocessed food consumption and risk of gallstone disease: analysis of 3 prospective cohorts.

Background: Majority of dietary intake in United States adults comes from ultraprocessed foods (UPFs), which have been linked to several adverse health outcomes. Gallstone disease is highly prevalent and constitutes a significant burden to the United States health system but remains understudied.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between UPF consumption and incident gallstone disease risk.

Homoharringtonine inhibits the NOTCH/MYC pathway and exhibits antitumor effects in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

We report on the antileukemic activity of homoharringtonine (HHT) in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). We showed that HHT inhibited the NOTCH/MYC pathway and induced significantly longer survival in mouse and patient-derived T-ALL xenograft models, supporting HHT as a promising agent for T-ALL.

Two wrongs do not make a right: the assumption that an inhibitor acts as an inverse activator.

Models of biochemical networks are often large intractable sets of differential equations. To make sense of the complexity, relationships between genes/proteins are presented as connected graphs, the edges of which are drawn to indicate activation or inhibition relationships. These diagrams are useful for drawing qualitative conclusions in many cases by the identifying recurring of topological motifs, for example positive and negative feedback loops.

Intranasal administration of DSM 32444 spores: safety and tolerability.

Administered nasally, spores of the Gram-positive bacterium have been shown to be able to induce innate immunity sufficient to confer protection to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus. Although members of the aerobiome, intranasal delivery of high numbers of live spores carries potential safety issues. To address the potential safety risk of using live spores, we assessed the safety of spores that had been completely inactivated using heat sterilization.