[Dialysis monitor and low-cost haemodialysis].

An experimental model of a hemodialysis monitor has been developed to perform ultrafiltration control, and urea and creatinine clearance tests. This model allowed us to develop an original device that separates the used dialysate from fresh dialysate and to define the characteristics of an industrial prototype which ultimate objective is to reduce the costs of haemodialysis treatment in low and middle-income countries.

Controversies and issues in hemodiafiltration therapy.

Hemodiafiltration appears to be the most effective technique of renal replacement therapy but several drawbacks are not counterbalanced by significant advantages. Although optimal transfer for both small and middle molecules can be achieved, there is no difference in mortality risk between HDF and HD patients. The infusion of a large amount of dialysate containing residual acetate of 2-7 mmol/l could lead to impaired cardiac contractile functions and carbonyl stress whereas loss of amino acids and water-soluble vitamins along with high UF rate could lead to malnutrition.

Influence of haemodialysis membranes on beta 2-microglobulin kinetics: in vivo and in vitro studies.

Amyloidosis of the beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) type is a recently recognised complication of dialysis. We studied plasma and ultrafiltrate beta 2M in 36 chronic haemodialysis patients. Long-term dialysis with standard cuprophan membrane in non-oliguric patients and with the AN69 polyacrylonitrile membrane in oliguric patients resulted in lower plasma beta 2M concentrations (means +/- SD, 24.