Emergence of in Vietnam: A case series.

, a globally emerging pathogen, has posed a significant threat to hospitalized individuals during the COVID-19 in Vietnam. This case series reported (1) common patterns in five patients with non-multidrug-resistant infections (multiple comorbidities, severe-to-critical illness, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, or history of surgery/invasive procedures) and (2) high rate of -associated mortality in this medical setting (four deaths out of five cases). Further studies are needed to (1) identify risk factors for infections and mortality and (2) investigate the effects of screening and preventive measures for , especially in low-resource settings.

Features of trastuzumab-related cardiac dysfunction: deformation analysis outside left ventricular global longitudinal strain.

Background: Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction due to trastuzumab has been well-known for many years, and echocardiographic surveillance is recommended every 3 months in patients undergoing trastuzumab treatment, irrespective of the baseline cardiotoxicity risk. However, the potential harm and cost of overscreening in low- and moderate-risk patients have become great concerns.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the incidence of early cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) and the behaviours of left and right heart deformations during trastuzumab chemotherapy in low- and moderate-risk patients.

Superiority of left heart deformation in early anthracycline-related cardiac dysfunction detection.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the incidence of early cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) and the characteristics of left and right heart deformations during anthracycline chemotherapy.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled a cohort of 351 chemotherapy-naïve women with breast cancer and cardiovascular risk factors who were scheduled to receive anthracycline. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) and right ventricular and left atrial longitudinal strains were evaluated using echocardiography at baseline, before every subsequent cycles and at 3 weeks after the final anthracycline dose.

Copy number variations of cytochrome genes in Kinh Vietnamese.

Background: The cytochrome P450 () family is well known as a major group of drug metabolizing enzymes. The polymorphism of genes is the main factor having an impact on the interindividual difference in drug response, including drug efficacy and drug safety. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of Vietnamese Kinh has been widely studied, but information about the copy number variations (CNVs) of other genes is still unknown.

Association of ADH1B rs1229984, ADH1C rs698, and ALDH2 rs671 with Alcohol abuse and Alcoholic Cirrhosis in People Living in Northeast Vietnam.

Objective: Alcohol abuse can cause developing cirrhosis, even liver cancer. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ADH1B, ADH1C, and ALDH2 genes have been reported to be associated with alcohol abuse and alcoholic cirrhosis (ALC). This study investigated the association between three SNPs of ADH1B rs1229984, ADH1C rs698, and ALDH2 rs671 with alcohol abuse and ALC in people living in the Northeast region of Vietnam.

Knowledge and medication adherence of oral anticoagulant-taking patients in Vietnam.

Background: Oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism are not thoroughly managed in ambulatory settings in low-/middle-income countries, primarily because of patients' neglect of medication knowledge and adherence.

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate patient knowledge, adherence, and the associated factors at a Vietnamese tertiary hospital, serving as a reference for educational programs in other local and regional health care facilities.

Methods: A randomly recruited cross-sectional study was conducted on patients using vitamin K antagonists (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC).

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 Genes in 235 People Living in Thai Nguyen Province of Vietnam.

Objective: ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2 genes are mainly responsible for alcohol metabolism in the body. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these genes have been reported to be associated with alcohol dependence and are considered risk factors for various human diseases. This study aims to identify the prevalence of three SNPs of ADH1B (rs1229984), ADH1C (rs698) and ALDH2 (rs671) in 235 unrelated individuals living in Thai Nguyen province, the northeast region of Vietnam.

Severe loss of adipose tissue in a Vietnamese lipodystrophy patient caused by p.G465D mutation: a first clinical characterization and two-year follow-up.

Objectives: Familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 is the most well-known subtype of lipodystrophy. We describe for the first time the phenotype of a case with lipodystrophy, who carried heterozygous mutation c.G1394A (p.

Novel mutations of the , , and genes cause abnormal development of the iris in Vietnamese individuals.

Purpose: Congenital iris abnormality is a feature of several genetic conditions, such as aniridia syndrome and anterior segment degeneration (ASD) disorders. Aniridia syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene or its regulatory elements in the locus 11p13 or deletions of contiguous genes, while ASDs are the result of mutations in various genes, such as , , , and . This study aims to identify pathogenic mutations in Vietnamese individuals with congenital anomalies of the iris.

Coincidence of juvenile granulosa cell tumor and serous cystadenoma in a pediatric patient: Case report and literature review.

Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a rare ovarian tumor in children, presenting with a multiloculated cystic pattern and irregular wall-thickening on imaging and serous cystadenoma (SCA) is also another rare benign cystic ovarian tumor in children. The appearance of two uncommon types of ovarian tumors on both sides in children is extremely rare. We report the case of a 4-year-old female presenting with symptoms of precocious puberty and diagnosed with juvenile GCT on the left ovary after surgical resection.

Understanding the Growth Mechanisms of Tin Oxide Nanowires by Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Tin oxides nanowires were prepared by chemical vapor deposition using shadow mask. X-ray diffraction indicated that the products were tetragonal having crystalline structure with lattice constants = 0.474 nm and = 0.

Sensitivity Enhancement of Modified D-Shaped Microchannel PCF-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor.

In this work, a highly sensitive dual-core configured microchannel-based plasmonic refractive index (RI) sensor was investigated, which can be used for low RI detection. Both the sensing layer and the plasmonic material layer were built outside of the fiber design to detect the surrounding medium's RI changes. Additionally, the effects of different plasmonic materials gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu) toward sensitivity were investigated for the same structure.

Emerging priorities for HIV service delivery.

Nathan Ford and co-authors discuss global priorities in the provision of HIV prevention and treatment services.

genetic polymorphism in the Vietnamese population.

Genetic polymorphism of has been shown to affect enzyme activity and thereby contribute to inter-individual variability in drug metabolism and response. The complete genetic variation of in Vietnam still remains obscure even though data of common alleles in Vietnamese Kinh have been reported. To establish the extent of polymorphism in Vietnamese.

A Bimetallic-Coated, Low Propagation Loss, Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor.

In this paper, a low-loss, spiral lattice photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based plasmonic biosensor is proposed for its application in detecting various biomolecules (i.e., sugar, protein, DNA, and mRNA) and biochemicals (i.

Single nucleotide and structural variants of CYP2D6 gene in Kinh Vietnamese population.

CYP2D6 genetic variations could result in alteration of CYP2D6 enzyme activity, leading to dissimilarity among individuals in regard of drug metabolism.This study aims to detect all genetic variants, allele, and genotype frequencies of CYP2D6 gene in 136 unrelated healthy Kinh Vietnamese volunteers. All single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and structural variations (SVs) of CYP2D6 gene were identified by Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay.

Viral load suppression and acquired HIV drug resistance in adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Viet Nam: results from a nationally representative survey.

Objective: The purpose of this survey was to estimate the prevalence of viral load (VL) suppression and emergence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) among individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 36 months or longer in Viet Nam using a nationally representative sampling method.

Methods: The survey was conducted between May and August 2014 using a two-stage cluster design. Sixteen ART clinics were selected using probability proportional to proxy size sampling, and patients receiving ART for at least 36 months were consecutively enrolled.

Polymorphic analysis of CYP2C9 gene in Vietnamese population.

Genetic variations in CYP2C9 are associated to inter-individual variability of drugs metabolism and response. The only report has been done previously mainly focusing on the common variant alleles of CYP2C9 in Vietnamese Kinh subjects. However, little is known about the complete spectrum of this gene polymorphism in different ethnic groups of Vietnam.

Mutational screening of germline gene in Vietnamese patients with retinoblastoma reveals three novel mutations.

Purpose: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare and unique eye cancer that usually develops in the retinas of children less than 5 years old due to mutations in the gene. About 40% of affected individuals have the heritable form making genetics testing of the gene important for disease management. This study aims to identify germline mutations in in a cohort of patients with Rb from northern Vietnam.

Lower Levels of Antiretroviral Therapy Enrollment Among Men with HIV Compared with Women - 12 Countries, 2002-2013.

Equitable access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for men and women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a principle endorsed by most countries and funding bodies, including the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Relief (PEPFAR) (1).

Whole-genome mutational landscape of liver cancers displaying biliary phenotype reveals hepatitis impact and molecular diversity.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma show varying degrees of biliary epithelial differentiation, which can be defined as liver cancer displaying biliary phenotype (LCB). LCB is second in the incidence for liver cancers with and without chronic hepatitis background and more aggressive than hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To gain insight into its molecular alterations, we performed whole-genome sequencing analysis on 30 LCBs.