Gender Differences in the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sarcopenia Among Maintenance Haemodialysis Patients in Vietnam.

Aim: The prevalence and associated factors of dialysis-related sarcopenia could vary greatly according to gender. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in haemodialysis patients according to gender and to assess some factors related to sarcopenia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in maintenance haemodialysis patients.

Wearable Upper Arm SpO Sensor for Wellness Monitoring.

Objective: This paper describes the full development of a sensor for measuring optical heart rate (OHR) and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2).

Methods: A wearable sensor with a new type of skin compatible dispensed lens was designed and manufactured. All critical optical components, light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodiode (PD) were close to skin and gave maximum light intensity due to minimal loss in the lens structure.

A rare case report of multi-organ tuberculosis presenting as cerebritis.

Tuberculosis (TB) in multiple organs, especially central nervous system TB (brain abscess due to TB), often occurs in patients with severe immunodeficiency, related to HIV infection, organ transplantation, etc., rarely seen in clinical practice. Due to the complexity of the variation, prediction and treatment are difficult.

Polyethylene-poly(methyl acrylate) Block Copolymers from PACE-SARA ATRP: Utilizing Polyolefin Active Ester Exchange-Based Macroinitiators in Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

Accessing a facile pathway to prepare polyolefin-polar block copolymers with low dispersity and high control remains a challenge due to the distinct polymerization pathways of the composing blocks. This study utilized the polyolefin active ester exchange, the PACE approach, as a viable solution. The PACE approach, using palladium-catalyst-based coordination-insertion polymerization, was combined with SARA ATRP (supplemental activator/reducing agent atom transfer radical polymerization).

Efficacy and safety of sacubitril-valsartan in hypertension patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance dialysis: a meta-analysis.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of sacubitril-valsartan in hypertension patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) undergoing dialysis. We searched the Medline, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for studies reporting outcomes after SV treatment.

Reshaping lipid metabolism with long-term alternate day feeding in type 2 diabetes mice.

Strategies to improve metabolic health include calorie restriction, time restricted eating and fasting several days per week or month. These approaches have demonstrated benefits for individuals experiencing obesity, metabolic syndrome, and prediabetes. However, their impact on established diabetes remains incompletely studied.

Novel magnetic nanocomposite FeO@CS@PHMG as an effective and recyclable antimicrobial material for hospital wastewater disinfection.

Hospital wastewater (HWW) is a major pollutant that presents significant risks to both environmental and human health. In this study, we developed a novel, inexpensive and highly antibacterial magnetic nanocomposite composed of FeO nanoparticles synthesised from spent pickling liquors, coated with chitosan and then integrated with polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (FeO@CS@PHMG) using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a crosslinking agent. The obtained results revealed that the synthesised nanocomposite exhibited high antibacterial activity against and .

Addressing shortages of hospital social workers in Vietnam: Findings from a national survey.

Studies on the hospital social work workforce in global contexts remain unexplored. This study aims to describe the workforce status for hospital social work in Vietnam. This study involved 676 central, provincial, and district hospitals in Vietnam.

Analysis of Factors Related to Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Hypertensive Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.

The purpose of this research was to assess the factors linked to early left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in hypertensive patients who have preserved ejection fraction (EF ≥ 50%) using speckle tracking echocardiography. : A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 579 outpatients recruited from City International Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City using a total sampling approach, where echocardiographic measurements and clinical data were gathered and analyzed. The prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction among hypertensive individuals was found to be 45.

Antagonisation of Prokineticin Receptor-2 Attenuates Preeclampsia Symptoms.

Preeclampsia (PE) is the most threatening pathology of human pregnancy. Placenta from PE patients releases harmful factors that contribute to the exacerbation of the disease. Among these factors is the prokineticin1 (PROK1) and its receptor, PROKR2 that we identified as a mediators of PE.

A novel polymer composite from polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride for high performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).

In this study, we report the successful fabrication of a novel antibacterial triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using a polymer composite film based on polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG). The composite materials, with optimised ingredient ratios, consist of PHMG, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinking agent (PHMG-GA-PVA). Utilising 3D printing, these composite materials were directly deposited on the conductive substrates and used as positive TENG electrodes.

The burden of headache disorders among medical students in Vietnam: estimates from a cross-sectional study with a health-care needs assessment.

Background: In our previous study, we demonstrated that headaches are highly prevalent among medical students in Vietnam. In the present study, we provide estimates of the associated symptom burden and impaired participation, utilizing these estimates to assess headache-related healthcare needs within this population.

Methods: The study followed the standardized methodology established by the Global Campaign against Headache.

A rare case of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to chlorine gas inhalation: Rapid progression with favorable ICU outcome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to chlorine gas inhalation is a rare yet critical condition that can lead to severe respiratory failure if not managed promptly. This case report presents a 43-year-old male who developed ARDS after accidental exposure to chlorine gas during pool maintenance. The patient's condition deteriorated rapidly, with symptoms progressing to acute pulmonary edema and severe hypoxemia, requiring immediate transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Single-Malt Whisky Versus Cocktail? Approaches to Surgical Lymphedema Management.

Lymphedema is a chronic, dynamic, and multifaceted disease that is effectively treated by surgery. However, there is a lack of consensus in the field about the ideal technique; is it better to perform one surgery type at a time (the "single-malt whisky" approach), or combine different procedures in a single surgery (the "cocktail" approach)? Here, we review advances in these opposing camps, compare outcomes, and discuss potential paradigm shifts in the surgical treatment of lymphedema.

Recycling electroplating sludge as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution.

This study explored the potential of electroplating sludge (ESs) as a novel and effective photocatalyst for the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solutions. The characterization of the ESs was evaluated using sophisticated techniques, such as XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and BET. ESs-derived photocatalyst materials were found to primarily consist of various metal oxides (Ni-O, Cu-O), which can absorb ultraviolet or visible light.

Characterization of Serum Cytokine Patterns in Frequent-Exacerbation Asthma: Implications for Phenotyping and Management.

(1) Background: Asthma exacerbations represent significant clinical events, however, the underlying inflammatory mechanisms and cytokine profiles in patients with frequent exacerbations remain incompletely understood; (2) Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study of 120 stable asthma patients, we compared the serum concentrations of eight key cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IFN-α, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β) between two groups: 60 patients with frequent exacerbations (≥ 2 events per year) and 60 matched controls with few exacerbations (1 event per year); (3) Results: Patients with frequent exacerbations showed significantly higher serum concentrations of IL-4 and IL-13 ( < 0.05), along with an increased prevalence of allergic history and comorbidities (chronic rhinosinusitis, GERD, OSA; all < 0.05).

Quality attributes, antioxidant activity and color profile of orange-fleshed sweet potato grown in Vietnam.

This study analyzed the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activities and estimated potential renal acid load (PRAL) score of orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) grown in Vietnam. In addition, important functional groups of carotenoid compounds in OFSP were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); carotenoid pigments were detected and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that, OFSP had outstanding physicochemical characteristics, containing many nutrients, bioactive substances, minerals and fiber.

An upward trend of dyslipidemia among adult population in Vietnam: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: It is critical to assess the progress toward achieving the national goal of reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by one-third by 2030 in Vietnam. This study aimed to examine the pooled prevalence of dyslipidemia among the Vietnamese adult population.

Method: Five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and local peer-reviewed journals were searched from inception to May 2024 without language restrictions.

Does mandatory greenhouse gas emissions reporting program deter corporate greenwashing?

This study examines the impact of the mandatory greenhouse gas emissions reporting program (GHGRP) on corporate greenwashing behaviour. Utilising the GHGRP in the United States as a quasi-natural experiment, we perform a difference-in-difference analysis to a panel dataset of 2731 publicly listed US firms from 2007 to 2022. The data consist of annual observations of firm-level variables, including ESG performance and disclosure metrics, financial characteristics, and environmental innovation indicators.

Managing Asymmetry in Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy-A Systematic Review and Highlight of Clinical Pearls.

As breast reconstruction techniques continue to progress, patient satisfaction with aesthetic outcomes has become an increasingly important marker of success. Obtaining optimal symmetry often requires secondary procedures whether reconstruction is unilateral or bilateral, implant-based or autologous, immediate or delayed. Consequently, determining the ideal method to achieve symmetry, particularly in challenging scenarios, such as the radiated breast, is nuanced and requires experienced decision-making.

Awake prone positioning effectiveness in moderate to severe COVID-19 a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Awake prone positioning (APP) may be beneficial in patients with respiratory failure who are not receiving mechanical ventilation. Randomized controlled trials of APP have been performed during peak COVID-19 periods in unvaccinated populations, with limited data on compliance or patient acceptability. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of APP in a lower-middle income country in an open-label randomized controlled trial using a dedicated APP implementation team and wearable continuous-monitoring devices.

Predictive validity of interleukin 6 (IL-6) for the mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients with the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant in Vietnam: a single-centre, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the serum IL-6 levels and their rate of change in predicting the mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Vietnam.

Design: A single-centre, cross-sectional study.

Setting: An Intensive Care Centre for the Treatment of Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.