FeO-rice straw carbon dot composite for simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and salbutamol.

A novel electrochemical sensor was developed using a composite of iron oxide (FeO) and rice straw-based carbon dots (RSCD) for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DPM) and salbutamol (SBT). By modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with the synthesized composite, the sensor achieved detection limits of 0.02 μM for DPM and 0.

Preparation of Metal-Polyphenol Modified Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Nanoparticles for Cancer Drug Delivery.

With the rising incidence of cancer, chemotherapy has become a widely used treatment approach. However, the use of anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) poses significant long-term risks due to its nonspecific distribution and severe side effects. Therefore, developing a nanoparticle-based drug delivery system (DDS) that enhances the bioavailability of DOX specifically to cancer cells is crucial while minimizing its side effects on normal cells.

Unprecedented large outbreak of malaria in Vietnam: Epidemiological and clinical perspectives.

, a causative agent of quartan malaria, is prevalent across tropical and subtropical regions, but global cases have been usually very rare and sporadic. However, a significant outbreak of quartan malaria caused by occurred in Khanh Vinh District, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam in 2023 and the outbreak persists. In this report, we present the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of this unprecedented outbreak of quartan malaria in Vietnam.

Structure and stabilization of water-in-water emulsions in the presence of two types of microgels.

Hypothesis: Water-in-water emulsions can be stabilized by colloidal particles that spontaneously adsorb at the interface. Different types of particles have been shown to exhibited different impact on the microstructure and stability. The combination of two different types of particles is expected to show a synergistic effect on the emulsion stability.

High qnrS retention of ESBL-producing and mcr-harbouring colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in Vietnamese food products.

Plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistant bacteria's transmission is fatal and a major threat to public health. This study aimed to clarify the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance（PMQR）genes in extended-spectrum β-lactamase（ESBL）-producing or/and mcr-harbouring colistin（COL）-resistant Escherichia coli（ESBL-COL-EC）isolates from Vietnamese and Japanese chicken meat. Resistance towards ciprofloxacin（CIP）was examined in 308 ESBL-COL-EC isolates; CIP-resistant ESBL-COL-EC isolates were examined for the PMQR gene.

End-to-End Ultrasonic Hand Gesture Recognition.

As the number of electronic gadgets in our daily lives is increasing and most of them require some kind of human interaction, this demands innovative, convenient input methods. There are limitations to state-of-the-art (SotA) ultrasound-based hand gesture recognition (HGR) systems in terms of robustness and accuracy. This research presents a novel machine learning (ML)-based end-to-end solution for hand gesture recognition with low-cost micro-electromechanical (MEMS) system ultrasonic transducers.

Measuring effects of ivermectin-treated cattle on potential malaria vectors in Vietnam: A cluster-randomized trial.

Background: Malaria elimination using current tools has stalled in many areas. Ivermectin (IVM) is a broad-antiparasitic drug and mosquitocide and has been proposed as a tool for accelerating progress towards malaria elimination. Under laboratory conditions, IVM has been shown to reduce the survival of adult Anopheles populations that have fed on IVM-treated mammals.

Whole blood transcriptomics identifies subclasses of pediatric septic shock.

Background: Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, which has hindered the development of effective therapies. This has prompted investigators to develop a precision medicine approach aimed at identifying biologically homogenous subgroups of patients with septic shock and critical illnesses. Transcriptomic analysis can identify subclasses derived from differences in underlying pathophysiological processes that may provide the basis for new targeted therapies.

Detection of chromosome-mediated bla-carrying Aeromonas spp. in the intestinal contents of fresh water river fish in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a global problem that should be addressed through the perspective of the "one health" concept. The purpose of this study was to determine the contamination rate of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. in fresh water river fish purchased from a fish market in Vietnam.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of cyanopeptolins produced by Nostoc edaphicum CCNP1411.

Despite the advances in contemporary medicine and availability of numerous innovative therapies, effective treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections pose a challenge. In the search for new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates, natural products are frequently explored. Here, fifteen cyanopeptolins (CPs) were isolated from the Baltic cyanobacterium Nostoc edaphicum and tested against SARS-CoV-2.

Whole Blood Transcriptomics Identifies Subclasses of Pediatric Septic Shock.

Background: Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, that has hindered the development of effective therapies. This has prompted investigators to develop a precision medicine approach aimed at identifying biologically homogenous subgroups of patients with septic shock and critical illnesses. Transcriptomic analysis can identify subclasses derived from differences in underlying pathophysiological processes that may provide the basis for new targeted therapies.

Effect of charge on the stabilization of water-in-water emulsions by thermosensitive bis-hydrophilic microgels.

Hypothesis: Molecular surfactants are not able to stabilize water-in-water (W/W) emulsions, unlike nano or micro-particles, which can achieve this in some cases. However, the effect of electrostatic interactions between particles on the emulsion stability has rarely been investigated. We hypothesize that introducing charges modifies the stabilization capacity of particles and renders it both pH- and ionic strength-dependent.

Differential pulse voltammetry determination of salbutamol using disulfite tungsten/activated carbon modified glassy carbon electrode.

In the present article, the disulfide tungsten/activated carbon derived from Eichhornia crassipes (WS/AC) was synthesized by the hydrothermal process. The received materials were examined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray - mapping, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. The morphology of WS/AC was tailored to have a micro/meso/macro structure that facilized large electric conductivity and quick ion diffusion.

A review on the determination of veterinary drug residues in food products.

In this paper, we discuss veterinary medicine and its applications in the food industry as well as the risk to the health of humans and animals caused by these residues. We review how the veterinary residues enter and cause some detrimental effects. We also mention two techniques to determine the residue of veterinary medications that exist in food originating from animals, including classic and advanced techniques.

A state-of-the-art review on the nanomaterial-based sensor for detection of venlafaxine.

Venlafaxine (denoted as VFX), a member of the most extensively prescribed antidepressants, is used to handle major depressive disorder, panic disorder and anxiety. This medication affects brain chemistry, which could cause an imbalance in depressed people. VFX and its metabolites, on the other hand, are pollutants in the water environment.

Electrochemical sensor to detect terbutaline in biological samples by a green agent.

In this research, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) which is a form of graphene oxide (GO) was formed through a reduction process using a "green agent" called Ascorbic acid (AA). RGO was then modified on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to generate RGO/GCE (an advanced electrode). The RGO/GCE was then used to detect Terbutaline (TB) in urine samples of volunteer athletes (n = 5) using well-known spectrophotometric analyses including X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Raman and electrochemical methods using voltammetric analyses such as differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DP-ASV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).

Self-controlling photonic-on-chip networks with deep reinforcement learning.

We present a novel photonic chip design for high bandwidth four-degree optical switches that support high-dimensional switching mechanisms with low insertion loss and low crosstalk in a low power consumption level and a short switching time. Such four-degree photonic chips can be used to build an integrated full-grid Photonic-on-Chip Network (PCN). With four distinct input/output directions, the proposed photonic chips are superior compared to the current bidirectional photonic switches, where a conventionally sizable PCN can only be constructed as a linear chain of bidirectional chips.

Early centralized isolation strategy for all confirmed cases of COVID-19 remains a core intervention to disrupt the pandemic spreading significantly.

Background: In response to the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), plenty of control measures were proposed. To assess the impact of current control measures on the number of new case indices 14 countries with the highest confirmed cases, highest mortality rate, and having a close relationship with the outbreak's origin; were selected and analyzed.

Methods: In the study, we analyzed the impact of five control measures, including centralized isolation of all confirmed cases, closure of schools, closure of public areas, closure of cities, and closure of borders of the 14 targeted countries according to their timing; by comparing its absolute effect average, its absolute effect cumulative, and its relative effect average.

Broad spectrum anti-coronavirus activity of a series of anti-malaria quinoline analogues.

In this study, a series of 10 quinoline analogues was evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activity against a panel of alpha- and beta-coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses 1 and 2 (SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2), as well as the human coronaviruses (HCoV) 229E and OC43. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were the most potent with antiviral EC values in the range of 0.12-12 μM.

Ivermectin Treatment for Cattle Reduced the Survival of Two Malaria Vectors, Anopheles dirus and Anopheles epiroticus, Under Laboratory Conditions in Central Vietnam.

Ivermectin is a low-cost and nontoxic mosquitocide that may have a role in malaria elimination. However, the extent to which this drug impacts the mortality of Anopheles dirus and Anopheles epiroticus, two important malaria vectors in Southeast Asia, is unknown. This study compared and quantified anopheline mortality after feeding on ivermectin-treated cattle and control cattle in Vietnam.

The Impact of Implementing an Advance Practice Pharmacist-Led Anticoagulation Clinic Within a Correctional Facility.

Maintaining warfarin in the therapeutic range is clinically challenging and can be made more complex in the correctional health setting. The care of an inmate population is complicated by its episodic and often brief nature in addition to the frequent lack of consistent care prior to incarceration. As part of a process improvement effort, a descriptive study was conducted on a unique pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinic that was initiated in the Los Angeles County jail.

Impact of a Pharmacist-Led Diabetes Clinic in a Correctional Setting.

Incarcerated patients often have a high disease burden and poor access to care in the community. In an effort to ensure glycemic control and appropriate initiation of statin therapy for cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction, a pilot program of pharmacist-led diabetes clinic (PLDC) was implemented in a large inner-city jail. A pre-post study was conducted as a quality improvement initiative.

Clinical Pharmacist's Role in an Alcohol Detox Unit in a Correctional Setting.

Introduction: Newly incarcerated inmates with chronic alcohol use are at high risk for alcohol withdrawal. This descriptive study aims to describe the role of a clinical pharmacist within an alcohol detoxification unit (ADU) in the Los Angeles County jail that serves nearly 18 000 inmates facility-wide daily.

Methods: This descriptive analysis was conducted from August 2, 2018 through October 31, 2018 within the jail ADU.

Anxiety Among Inpatients With Cancer: Findings From a Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.

Anxiety, a condition which is commonly found in patients with cancer, has negative impacts on their quality of life and treatment outcome. This study aimed to determine the level of anxiety in patients with cancer and explore sociodemographic, disease-related, and hospital-related factors associated with anxiety in those patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 510 inpatients with cancer at Thanh Hoa Oncology Hospital, Vietnam.