The food dye Tartrazine disrupts vascular formation both in zebrafish larvae and in human primary endothelial cells.

Tartrazine (E102) is a controversial coloring agent whose potential impacts on human health are not fully understood. Our study reveals the vascular disrupting effects of tartrazine (TTZ) on developing zebrafish embryos in vivo and on human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. The dye was shown to cause dose-dependent hemorrhages in zebrafish embryos.

Inter-visit and inter-reader reproducibility of multi-parametric diffusion-weighted MR imaging in longitudinally imaged patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and healthy volunteers.

Background: Despite the widespread use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), MRI acquisition and quantification techniques vary in the literature suggesting the need for established and reproducible protocols. The goal of this study was to assess inter-visit and inter-reader reproducibility of DWI- and IVIM-derived parameters in patients with MAFLD and healthy volunteers using extensive sampling of the "fast" compartment, non-rigid registration, and exclusion voxels with poor fit quality.

Methods: From June 2019 to April 2023, 31 subjects (20 patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD and 11 healthy volunteers) were included in this IRB-approved study.

Computational pathology: A survey review and the way forward.

Computational Pathology (CPath) is an interdisciplinary science that augments developments of computational approaches to analyze and model medical histopathology images. The main objective for CPath is to develop infrastructure and workflows of digital diagnostics as an assistive CAD system for clinical pathology, facilitating transformational changes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer that are mainly address by CPath tools. With evergrowing developments in deep learning and computer vision algorithms, and the ease of the data flow from digital pathology, currently CPath is witnessing a paradigm shift.

Sulfur-Promoted Oxidative Condensation of Chalcones with Unsubstituted Cyanoacetamide in DMSO: Access to 3-Cyanopyrid-2-ones.

Elemental sulfur and DABCO were found to be an excellent combination to promote a one-pot cascade of condensation-oxidative cyclization of chalcones and unsubstituted cyanoacetamide in DMSO to provide 3-cyanopyrid-2-ones.

A Realistic Mixture of Persistent Organic Pollutants Affects Zebrafish Development, Behavior, and Specifically Eye Formation by Inhibiting the Condensin I Complex.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are posing major environmental and health threats due to their stability, ubiquity, and bioaccumulation. Most of the numerous studies of these compounds deal with single chemicals, although real exposures always consist of mixtures. Thus, using different tests, we screened the effects on zebrafish larvae caused by exposure to an environmentally relevant POP mixture.

Stress among nursing students in Vietnam: Prevalence and associated factors.

Aim: To describe stress and analyze its associated factors among nursing students.

Introduction: Stress is a common mental health problem among medical students, especially nursing students. Therefore, understanding stress and its associated factors is necessary to improve stress in students.

Discovering Novel Bioactivities of Controversial Food Additives by Means of Simple Zebrafish Embryotoxicity (ZET) Assays.

The rising concerns about controversial food additives' potential hazardous properties require extensive yet animal-minimized testing strategies. Zebrafish embryos are the ideal in vivo model representing both human and environmental health. In this study, we exposed zebrafish embryos to eight controversial food additives.

Updated estimation of the burden of fungal disease in Vietnam.

Background: Anecdotally, the burden of fungal diseases in Vietnam is rapidly rising, but there has been no updated estimate on this issue since a previous report in 2015.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed at estimating the incidence and prevalence of serious fungal infections for the year 2020.

Methods: We made estimates with a previously described methodology, using reports on the incidence and prevalence of various established risk factors for fungal infections from local, regional or global sources.

Base-catalyzed multicomponent access to quinoxalin-2-thiones from -phenylenediamines, aryl ketones and sulfur.

3-Arylquinoxaline-2-thiones were conveniently synthesized three-component oxidative condensation of acetophenones with -phenylenediamines and sulfur in DMSO in the presence of piperidine as a catalyst. The products could be readily isolated from the reaction mixture by simple precipitation and washing with methanol. This set of reaction conditions applied to higher homologs of acetophenones as well as benzyl phenyl ketones led to 2,3-di--substituted quinoxalines.

Vinblastine loaded on graphene quantum dots and its anticancer applications.

Aims: The aim of our work is to load Vinblastine drugs loaded on graphene quantum dots to improve its cytotoxicity on cancer cells and reduce it on the normal cell in the composites. Moreover, the GQDs-Vin composite significantly inhibited tumour growth in animals.

Methods: GQDs-Vin composites were prepared by homogenisation of GQDs and Vin solutions.

Psychological stress and associated factors among municipal solid waste collectors in Hanoi, Vietnam: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: In low and middle-income countries, the manually operated municipal waste collection system prominently depended on the performance of waste collectors (WC). Most of the literature has focused on the impact of waste collection tasks on WCs' physical health, while little was known about the psychological effects of work-related stress. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychological stress and related factors among waste collectors in Hanoi, Vietnam.

New oligomeric neolignans from the leaves of Magnolia officinalis var. biloba.

Six new oligomeric neolignans including two trimeric neolignans (1 and 2) and four dimeric neolignans (3-6) were isolated from the leaves of Magnolia officinalis var. biloba. Their structures were determined based on HR-ESIMS and NMR data, as well as electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations.

Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is highly prevalent in the environment of Vietnam, with marked variability by land use type.

Azole-resistant environmental Aspergillus fumigatus presents a threat to public health but the extent of this threat in Southeast Asia is poorly described. We conducted environmental surveillance in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, collecting air and ground samples across key land-use types, and determined antifungal susceptibilities of Aspergillus section Fumigati (ASF) isolates and azole concentrations in soils. Of 119 ASF isolates, 55% were resistant (or non-wild type) to itraconazole, 65% to posaconazole and 50% to voriconazole.

Deacylative Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage of Ketone Equivalents: Applications to Radical Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Reactions.

This article describes the synthetic application of ketone-derived oxaziridines as alkyl radical precursors in copper-catalyzed Carbon-Carbon bond formation reactions. Experimental and computational studies indicate a free radical mechanism, where alkyl radicals are efficiently generated via cleavage of a Carbon-Carbon bond of oxaziridines. Acyclic and unstrained cyclic oxaziridines are applicable to the present radical process, allowing for the generation of various alkyl radicals with good functional group compatibility.

Patulignans A-C, three structurally unique lignans from the leaves of Melicope patulinervia.

(±)-Patulignans A-C (1-3), three unique pairs of lignan enantiomers were isolated from the leaves of Melicope patulinervia. Patulignan A (1) possesses an unprecedented dimethyloxonane moiety in nature, meanwhile patulignans B (2) and C (3) are epimers carrying a novel dimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane skeleton.

Diabetes: What Challenges Lie Ahead for Vietnam?

Background: Economic development and social environment changes influence disease patterns ranging from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases, and diabetes is one of the seven causes leading to death and disability in Vietnam.

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to present an overview of the challenges related to diabetes prevention in Vietnam and to find effective ways for the prevention and control of diabetes, as well as to improve the quality of life among diabetes patients.

Methods: The literature review was conducted using a variety of databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Vietnamese data sources, and papers published in the Vietnamese language.

Assessing the efficacy and safety of magnesium sulfate for management of autonomic nervous system dysregulation in Vietnamese children with severe hand foot and mouth disease.

Background: Brainstem encephalitis is a serious complication of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation and hypertension may occur, sometimes progressing to cardiopulmonary failure and death. Vietnamese national guidelines recommend use of milrinone if ANS dysregulation with Stage 2 hypertension develops.

The effects of green tea on lipid metabolism and its potential applications for obesity and related metabolic disorders - An existing update.

Obesity is one of the top global issues, which induces several serious health consequences both physically and mentally, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, eating disorders, depression and stress. However, the effective therapy to prevent and treat obesity and overweight, up to now, cannot be found nowadays. Several methods/medicines namely diet control, energy balance, environmental changes, genetic and stem cell therapies, new drugs/chemicals have been extensively studied to enhance the ability to control bodyweight and prevent obesity.

Correction: Temperature preference of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles induces spontaneous sex reversal.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Temperature preference of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles induces spontaneous sex reversal.

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an African freshwater fish that displays a genetic sex determination system (XX|XY) where high temperatures (above 32°C to 36.5°C) induce masculinization. In Nile tilapia, the thermosensitive period was reported from 10 to 30 days post fertilization.

Assessment of fatigue in patients with chronic hepatitis C using the Fatigue Impact Scale.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of fatigue on the quality of life of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and to examine its relationship with various parameters of the disease, including viral load. The Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS), a self-report questionnaire, was applied to 92 patients with CHC, and the results were compared to those of an age-matched cohort of 213 healthy blood donors. Fatigue was frequent and disabling, being present in 67% of CHC patients, and the FIS was significantly increased in CHC patients compared to the healthy controls.